Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Andrew Bacher
Indiana University, USA
Keynote: New views of fusion in the sun using studies of the charge symmetric reactions T(T,4He)2n and 3He(3He,4He)2p at laser fusion facilities
Time : 09:00-09:30
Biography:
Andrew Bacher has completed his PhD from the California Institute of Technology and NSF-sponsored Post-Doctoral studies at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. He is a Professor of Physics (emeritus) at Indiana University. He has published more than 300 papers in refereed journals and has served on program committees at the Los Alamos Meson Facility, the MIT-Bates Electron Scattering Facility and the TRIUMF Meson Facility in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Abstract:
We have studied the charge symmetric reactions T+T and 3He+3He by making measurements at the laser facilities OMEGA at the University of Rochester (NY) and at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLL). We have also made measurements of the 3He+3He Reaction at the Tandem Van-de-Graff Nuclear Accelerator Laboratory at CalTech. At the laser facilities we have made new, state-of-the-art measurements of the neutron time-of-flight over a wide neutron energy range. We have also made the first measurements of protons from the 3He+3He reaction using a tagged-recoil magnetic spectrometer. The measurements at the two laser facilities correspond to center-of mass energies close to those in the center of our Sun. At CalTech the energies covered the range between 2 MeV and 12 MeV. Over this energy range the shapes of the observed proton spectra are entirely different from the corresponding spectra (for both neutrons and protons) at solar energies. We will show how the spectra at both facilities can be understood using new theoretical models recently developed by groups at Ohio University (Athens, Ohio) and Los Alamos National Lab (Los Alamos, New Mexico).
Keynote Forum
Vasily Yu Belashov
Kazan Federal University, Russia
Keynote: Solitons’ dynamics in regions with sharp gradients of basic parameters of propagation medium
Time : 09:30-10:00
Biography:
Vasily Yu Belashov has completed his PhD in Radiophysics and DSci in Physics and Mathematics. His main fields include theory and numerical simulation of the dynamics of multi-dimensional nonlinear waves, solitons and vortex structures in plasmas and other dispersive media. Presently, he is Chief Scientist at the Kazan Federal University. He was Coordinator of studies on the International Program “Solar Terminator” (1987-1992) and took part in Programs WITS/WAGS and STEP. He is author of 288 publications including 6 monographs.
Abstract:
We consider the problem of dynamics the multidimensional solitons which are described by the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (GKP) equation in complex continuous media with the varying in time and/or space dispersive parameters. This problem is very interesting from the point of view of its evident applications in physics of the real complex media with the dispersion. For example, such situation takes place at propagation of the 2D gravity-capillary waves on surface of "shallow" water when β and γ are defined as and respectively and ρ is the density, σ is the coefficient of surface tension of fluid and is the depth. In this case β and γ also become the functions of the coordinates and time. Similar situation takes place at evolution of the 3D FMS waves in a plasma in case of the inhomogeneous and/or non-stationary plasma and magnetic field when β and γ are the functions of the Alfvén velocity vÐ=f[B(t,r),n(t,r)] and the angle , namely , . Next interesting example is the dynamics of 2D solitons of the internal gravity waves (IGW) generated at heights of the F region of ionosphere by moving fronts of the solar terminator and solar eclipse (SE). In this case dispersive parameters β and γ are functions of the ionospheric parameters such as electron density, temperature, scale heights for the ions and neutral particles etc. which have sharp gradients in these regions. Here, the problem of study of multidimensional solitons dynamics with was solved in general and for above-mentioned applications. Fig. 1 shows the examples of numerical results for 2D solitons on shallow water with bottom in form of varying in space and time “step” and for 2D IGW soliton at heights of the ionosphere F region for such source as SE spot. The interpretation of results obtained is given in detail.
- Plenary Talk
Location: Texas A
Session Introduction
Jehonathan Bentwich
Brain Perfection LTD, Israel
Title: Does the computational unified field theory (CUFT) challenge the “Big-Bang theory�
Time : 10:00-10:45
Biography:
Jehonathan Bentwich is currently working in the Brain Perfection Ltd, Israel. He has extended his valuable service in the field of Big-Bang theory and has been a
recipient of many awards. His international experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study.
Abstract:
A recently discovered ‘Computational Unified Field Theory’ (CUFT) has been validated as a satisfactory ‘Theory of Everything’ (TOE) capable of resolving the key theoretical inconsistencies that exist between Quantum Mechanics (QM) and Relativity Theory (RT). Additionally, this CUFT signifies a ‘Paradigmatic Shift’ from the current ‘Material-Causal’ Paradigm underlying both QM and RT towards the CUFT’s ‘A-Causal Computation’ Paradigm which posits that all of the spatial pixels in the physical universe are computed simultaneously by a singular (higher-ordered) Universal Computational Principle (UCP) hence negating the possibility of the existence of any ‘material-causal’ relationship/s or effects between any two (or more) quantum or relativistic elements or phenomena; Interestingly, this new CUFT ‘A-Causal Computation’ Paradigm is shown to resolve one of the key unresolved Physical conundrums of “dark-matter” and “dark-energy” (accounting for up to 90% of all mass and energy in the physical universe) as well as challenges the basic “Big-Bang Theory’ standing as the basis for Relativity’s description of the origin of our universe. This is due to the CUFT’s ‘A-Causal Computation’ reliance upon the ‘Universal Computational Principle’s simultaneous computation of any spatial pixel in the physical universe at any minimal time-point (c2/h) comprising any single or multiple ‘Universal Simultaneous Computational Frame’ (USCF’s) which precludes the possibility of any ‘material-causal’ relationship between any two or more (quantum or relativistic) physical elements existing either within- or across- any two subsequent USCF’s frames, e.g., including between the “big-bang” explosion that is assumed to take place within the universe’s “first” USCF frame and any other subsequent hypothetical USCF frame. Potentially far reaching theoretical ramifications of the CUFT’s ‘A-Causal Computation’ (new) Paradigm are discussed.
- Workshop
Location: Texas A
Session Introduction
P D Morley
Booz-Allen-Hamilton, USA
Title: Condensed neutrino objects as dark matter
Time : 11:05-11:25
Biography:
P D Morley has had dual careers in academia and Defense Sciences. He has supported various Government Agencies in Science.
Abstract:
Condensation of Big Bang cosmological neutrinos (and anti-neutrinos) into Condensed Neutrino Objects (CNOs) may constitute Dark Matter. We discuss a possible energy-loss mechanism that may allow condensation. The CNO stable configurations come about by solving the hydro-static equation of equilibrium with the neutrino equation of state. Observational signatures of CNOs will be discussed, in part II of our talk, by Dr. Buettner.
Biography:
D J Buettner completed his PhD in Astronautical Engineering from the University of Southern California’s Viterbi School of Engineering as an Aerospace Corporate Fellow; all while working full time. He has Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees in Physics from Oregon State University; funded in part by a NASA student research grant to investigate the hypervelocity intact capture phenomenon. He has published a book and published or co-published more than 36 papers in conferences and journals with 8 of those being in reputed journals. He is currently a government IPA supporting the USD (AT&L) with performance assessments of the DoD acquisition system.
Abstract:
In part-I of our talk, by Dr. Morley, relativistic magnetic dipole radiation loss was proposed as a potential mechanism for slowing down primordial “Big Bang” neutrinos. That talk outlined the CNO equation of state and the resulting equilibrium objects, revealing that the CNO would constitute the largest and most massive objects in the universe. The purpose of this talk is to bridge the previous theoretical discussion to the current status of CNO research, identifying the astrophysical evidence. The upcoming KATRIN experiment measuring the mass of the electron anti-neutrino down to 0.35 eV/c^2 can confirm the viability of CNOs as the Dark Matter.
- Astrophysics and Space Science | Nuclear Astrophysics | Dark Matter and Dark Energy
Location: Texas A
Chair
Vasily Yu Belashov
Kazan Federal University, Russia
Co-Chair
Ivan Zhelyazkov
Sofia University, Bulgaria
Session Introduction
Ghassan H Halasa
University of Jordan, Jordan
Title: Black holes observed gates to a parallel universe
Time : 11:45-12:05
Biography:
Ghassan H Halasa has retired from University of Jordan as Professor of Electrical Engineering. His early education was in Physics. He is a Fulbright Scholar at Murray State University in 2004 and a Visiting Professor at Western Michigan University in 2008. Most of his recent published work was in Electrical Engineering in the field of Renewable Energy. Recently, he published a book as an alternative to the Big Bang Theory.
Abstract:
It is shown that inertial reference frames can exist at any speed including the speed of light (sonic speed). It is also shown that at speed very near sonic speed, the reference frame is observed from rest to be a thin sheet with the reduced dimension is the direction of motion. It is also shown that at exactly sonic speed the reference frame shrinks to zero volume. The thin sheet near sonic speed is similar to a flying flag with bends. At sonic speed, a rest observer finds the main body of the sheet shrunk to zero volume, while the bends appear as islands. According to Lorentz mass equation, the mass inside the travelling bends appear to be near infinity concentrated in small area exerting very large gravitational field, while time dilates to infinity. The velocity u’ inside the bends as observed from rest is defined as = 0 (1). The velocity in (1) is an indication that kinetic energy in space bends is zero, hence no molecular motion is observed from rest and therefore no light can be observed to emerge. The inside of the bends clearly exercises the characteristics of black holes. Assume two large extent inertial reference frames travelling away from each other at sonic speed. Setting the speed of one frame as zero, the other frame is travelling at sonic speed. Let the rest reference frame be large enough to enclose our entire universe. An observer on the sonic reference frame finds that he is at rest and the other reference frame is travelling away at sonic speed. He measures infinite mass with zero volume. The infinite mass may reflect the actual mass of our universe. Similarly, an observer at rest finds also the travelling reference frame to be zero volume with infinite mass. The infinite mass may indicate the existence of a universe comparable to our own traveling at sonic speed. It can be concluded that black holes are the gates that connect the two-dimensional universes.
Tonatiuh Matos
Stanford University of Medicine, USA
Title: Scalar fields as dark matter
Time : 12:05-12:25
Biography:
Tonatiuh Matos has completed his graduation in Theoretical Physics at the Friedrich-Schiller Universität in Jena, Germany and habilitation at the same University. He had Post-doctoral positions at the Universität Wien and at the Technische Universität Wien. He has been Visiting Professor at Albert Einstein Institute of the Max-Planck Gessellschaft in Germany and at German Universities and Visiting Professor at University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. He has more than 120 publications in international research journals, 40 in proceedings and 12 publications in popular science journals. He has written two popular science books, one monography on mathematical physics, three science fiction novels and has been editor of seven research specialized books.
Abstract:
One alternative to the cold dark matter (CDM) paradigm is the scalar field dark matter (SFDM) model, which assumes dark matter is a spin-0 ultra-light scalar field with a typical mass m∼10^{−22}eV/c2 and positive self-interactions. Due to the ultra-light boson mass, the SFDM could form Bose–Einstein condensates in the very early universe, which are interpreted as the dark matter haloes. Although cosmologically the model behaves as CDM, they differ at small scales: SFDM naturally predicts fewer satellite haloes, cores in dwarf galaxies and the formation of massive galaxies at high redshifts. In this talk, we describe this model and show that the SFDM model is an interesting alternative to be the dark matter of the universe.
Vasily Yu Belashov
Kazan Federal University, Russia
Title: Multidimensional nonlinear ion-acoustic waves in a weakly relativistic plasma
Time : 12:25-12:45
Biography:
Vasily Yu Belashov has completed his PhD in Radiophysics and DSci in Physics and Math-ematics. His main fields include theory and numerical simulation of the dynamics of multi-dimensional nonlinear waves, solitons and vortex structures in plasmas and other dispersive media. Presently, he is Chief Scientist at the Kazan Federal University. He was Coordinator of studies on the International Program “Solar Terminator” (1987-1992) and took part in programs WITS/WAGS and STEP. He is author of 288 publications including 6 monographs.
Abstract:
The structure and dynamics of the multidimensional nonlinear ion-acoustic waves in unmagnetized plasma including the case of collisional weakly relativistic plasma, when it is necessary to take into account the high energy flows of particles are studied analytically and numerically on the base of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation generalized by introducing the relativistic factor u/c, when the coefficients at nonlinear and dispersive terms are defined by this ratio. In particular, when kinetic energy of the ions at u0/c ~ 0.1 reaches values of ~ 4.7MeV, the 2D weakly relativistic ion-acoustic solitary waves describe a motion of energetic protons with speed approaching to speed of light, that is observed in the magnetospheric plasma. It is shown that if a speed of particles in plasma reaches speed of light that the relativistic effects at propagation of the 2D solitary ion-acoustic wave start to play rather essential role and influence on phase velocity, amplitude and characteristic sizes of 2D wave. Obtained results include simpler limited cases which were considered by other authors, but they are essentially more general. The results obtained can be useful at study of nonlinear wave processes in the magnetosphere. They also have obvious applications in such physical systems as laser plasma and
astrophysics (including compact astrophysical systems, for example white dwarfs).
Ivan Zhelyazkov
Sofia University, Bulgaria
Title: Kelvin–Helmholtz instability in solar jets observed by Hinode and SDO/AIA
Time : 14:00-14:20
Biography:
Ivan Zhelyazkov has completed his PhD from the Lebedev Institute of Physics, Moscow and Post-doctoral studies as an Alexander von Humboldt Fellow from Ruhr Universität Bochum, Universität Essen and Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam. He has worked also as a Post-doc at the University of St. Andrews and the Centre for Mathematical Plasma Astrophysics of KU Leuven. He is Professor of Plasma Physics at Sofia University. He has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of the Bulgarian Journal of Physics. He is member of the Union of the Scientists in Bulgaria, Union of the Physicists in Bulgaria, Institute of Physics, London, European Physical Society and Individual Member of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI).
Abstract:
It is well established by observations that the solar atmosphere is a highly complicated region that is magnetically structured and contains various kinds of jets. Those jets have been observed by a numerous instruments on board of spacecrafts like Hinode and the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO). The axially moving along the background magnetic field solar jets supports the propagation of magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) modes characterised by their azimuthal mode number m. The stability of these MHD modes crucially depends upon the flow speed of the jets. When the jet’s speed exceeds some critical value, the propagating MHD mode becomes unstable and the developing instability is known as Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instability. The KH instability exhibits itself as a vortex sheet that evolves near jet’s boundary and notably this vortex sheet causes the conversion of the directed flow energy into the turbulent energy. The triggered by the KH instability wave turbulence is considered to be one of the main mechanisms of the coronal heating. Here, we consider the conditions under which the KH instability can arise in a EUV jet situated on the west side of NOAA AR 10938 and observed by three instruments on board Hinode on 2007 January 15/16. The jet was observed around Log Te = 6.2 with up-flow velocities exceeded 150 km/s. We have modelled that EUV jet as a vertically moving magnetic flux tube (untwisted and weakly twisted) and have studied the propagation characteristics of the kink (m = 1) mode and the higher MHD modes with azimuthal mode numbers m = 2, 3, 4. It turns out that all these MHD waves can become unstable at flow velocities in the range of 112–114.8 km/s. It is interesting to note that similar results have been obtained in studying KH instability in soft X-ray jets observed by the soft X-ray telescope aboard Yohkoh. No less intriguing is the study of KH instability in rotating, tornado-like solar jets. Very recently, we have investigated the occurrence of KH instability in a twisting solar polar coronal hole jet observed by SDO/AIA. The time-evolution study of a jet event of 2010 August 21 showed the appearance of small moving blobs on the right side boundary of the rotating jet, whose temporal evolution in their initial stage was found to be about 2–4 minutes. Modelling the jet as a weakly twisted magnetic flux tube with rotation velocity of 136 km/s and axial speed of 114 km/s, we have obtained that a higher (m = 12) MHD mode can become KH unstable with wavelengths of 10 and 12 Mm and instability evolution times of 4 and 2 min, respectively, in a very good agreement with the observations.
Xiao Zhang
Nanjing University, China
Title: The γ-ray emission produced by protons that escape from supernova remnant G349.7+0.2
Time : 14:20-14:40
Biography:
Xiao Zhang mainly studies the gamma-ray emission from supernova remnants (SNRs) and obtained his Doctor degree in 2016 at Nanjing University. He is interested in energetic phenomena in supernova remnants and relevant physical processes. It is usually believed that galactic SNRs are the main accelerators of cosmic rays. At present, he focuses on interacting SNRs that interact with molecular clouds and identifies the hadronic gamma-rays to find evidence of proton accelerations.
Abstract:
G349.7+0.2 is an interacting supernova remnant (SNR) expanding in a dense medium. Recently, a very strong γ-ray source coincident with this SNR has been revealed by Fermi-LAT and H.E.S.S. observation which shows a broken power-law-like spectrum. An escaping-diffusion model, including the power-law and δ-function injection, is applied to this source which can naturally explain the spectral feature in both the GeV and TeV regime. We use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to constrain the model parameters and find that the correction factor of slow diffusion around this SNR, χ∼0.01 for power-law injection and χ∼0.1 for δ-function injection, can fit the data best with reasonable molecular cloud mass. This slow diffusion is also consistent with previous results from both phenomenological models and theoretical predication.
Piotr Gnaciński
University of Gdańsk, Poland
Title: Is dark matter present in our galaxy?
Time : 14:40-15:00
Biography:
Piotr Gnaciński is an Astrophysicist working in the area of interstellar matter. He is an Associate Professor at the University of Gdańsk. He has 28 publications listed in Web of Science.
Abstract:
Dark matter is a well-established component of our Universe. Dark matter is indispensable in cosmology, galaxies formation and is indirectly seen in galaxy clusters due to its gravitational lensing. A halo of dark matter can explain the flat rotation curve of galaxies. There are however doubts about the amount of dark matter in our own Galaxy. Some observations of our Galaxy do not need dark matter component to explain the kinematics. Moni Bidin et al. have analyzed kinematics of red giants in solar vicinity and found no evidence of dark matter. Mass density obtained by various gravitational microlensing observations explains the inner rotation curve without the need of any additional mass. The radial velocities of interstellar clouds are on the Keplerian rotation curve. We have analyzed old open clusters in the outer part of our Galaxy. At least some old open clusters are known to have nearly circular orbits. Circular orbits allow us to calculate the rotational velocity. The Galaxy rotational velocity derived from the radial velocities of old open clusters is consistent with the Keplerian velocity curve. Maybe we don’t have dark matter in our Galaxy?
Anton Lipovka
Sonora University, Mexico
Title: Remarks regarding the dark matter problem
Time : 15:00-15:20
Biography:
Anton Lipovka has his expertise in astrophysics, cosmology, molecular spectroscopy, theoretical physics and solid state physics as well. Since 2013, he is working on the fundamentals of quantum physics and the problem of unification of gravity with quantum theory.
Abstract:
In present report we show that so-called Dark Matter has pure geometrical origin. This fact is proved in two independent ways: 1) Analytical solutions of the differential equations of mass transfer in the galaxy are proposed, taking into account the correct geometry. 2) A similar result was obtained within the framework of the integral approach. Consequences of this fact for the cosmology are discussed.
Biography:
Bhaben Chandra Kalita has completed his PhD from Gauhati University in the field of Non- Linear Plasma Waves. He is serving as Professor Emeritus at present in the Department of Mathematics, Gauhati University after retirement. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals like Physics of Fluids-B in brief communication, Physics of Plasmas, Astrophysics and Space Science, Journal of Plasma Physics, Physical Society of Japan, Communication in Theoretical Physics, Plasma Physics Reports, Journal of Mathematics-A Gen., etc.
Abstract:
The simple consideration of inertia less electrons i.e. me tending to zero in the momentum equation of motion of electrons gives rise to the Boltzmann relation ne=exp (Ï•). The investigation of nonlinear solitary waves in multi component plasma or in dusty plasma through ‘Energy Integral’ is mostly confined to the application of this simple Boltzmann relation of electrons or even of ions to get rid of complexity. Contextually in multi component plasma, the perturbative method needs to be applied as the energy integral cannot be deduced (except in simple cases with Boltzmann relation). But the occurrence of nanoparticles in the modern dynamical scenario demands inclusion of electron inertia so that me is non- zero. In conformity with this the Cairns distribution of electrons and ions ne = (1-βφ+βφ2) exp(φ) and ne=(1+βφ+βφ2) exp (-φ) respectively have already been established for non-thermal parameter β which contain the Boltzmann relations for β=0. Similarly, Kappa distribution and some other distributions are in great use in non-thermal situations. These ideas prompt us to develop new distributions of electrons and ions with inertias as an extension of the simple Boltzmann relations. For this purpose, the following relations of electrons and ions are established for the first time: Where Comparison of the author’s ion’s distribution and Cairns ion’s distribution the following important equation of electron to ion temperature ratio is established.
Marcony S Cunha
Ceará State University, Brazil
Title: About the dependence of the black-body force on space-time geometry and topology
Time : 15:40-16:00
Biography:
Marcony S Cunha has his experience in Physics focusing on general theory of particles and fields, classical and alternative theories of gravitation and quantum mechanics.
Abstract:
The recently discovered attractive force on neutral atoms caused by the thermal radiation emitted from black bodies is now here investigated in relativistic gravitational systems with spherical and cylindrical symmetries. The purpose of this study is to show the corrections to the potential and black-body force (BBF) due to spacetime geometry and topology. For some astrophysical objects we find that the corrected black-body potential is greater than that in flat case, showing that this kind of correction can be quite relevant when curved spaces are considered. Then we consider four cases: The Schwarzschild spacetime, the global monopole, the non-relativistic infinity cylinder and the static cosmic string. For the spherically symmetric case of a massive body, we find that two corrections appear: One due to the gravitational modification of the temperature and the other due to the modification of the solid angle subtended by the atom. We apply the found results to a typical neutron star and to the Sun. For the global monopole, the modification in the potential is due to its topological nature and central solid angle deficit that occurs in the spacetime generated by that object. In the cylindrical case, which is locally flat, no gravitational correction to the temperature exists, as in the global monopole case. However, we find the curious fact that the BBF depends on the topology of the spacetime through the modification of the azimuthal angle and therefore of the solid angle. For the static cosmic string we find that the force is null for the zero thickness case. In conclusion, we believe that massive objects which can warp the spacetime can also magnify the black-body force effect on atoms around them and that the phenomena can contribute to the understanding the formation of stars and planets and other cosmological objects.
Vladimir S Netchitailo
BIOLASE, USA
Title: Burst astrophysics and macro object shell model
Time : 16:20-16:40
Biography:
Vladimir S Netchitailo is Doctor of Sciences in Physics, having worked under the guidance of Alexander Prokhorov, a Nobel Prize winner. During his career, he has
published over 150 papers. He has developed the World-Universe Model - a cosmological model that demonstrates that there exist direct relationships among the cosmological parameters of the world and provides a mathematica l framework that allows calculating them directly.
Abstract:
Hypersphere World–Universe Model (WUM) gives an explanation for Gamma-Ray Pulsars (GRPs), Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) through the frames of Macroobject Shell Model. According to WUM, Macroobjects (MO) possess the following properties: Nuclei are made up of Dark Matter particles (DMP). Surrounding shells contain dark matter and baryonic matter; nuclei and shells are growing in time proportionally to root square of cosmological time until they reach the critical point of their stability, at which they detonate; the energy released during detonation is produced by the annihilation of DMP; the detonation process does not destroy MO; it’s rather Hyper-flares analogous to Solar flares; all other DMP can start annihilation process as the result of the first shell instability and give rise to a gamma-radiation with different emission lines in spectra of GRBs. Consequently, the diversity of very high energy bursts has a clear explanation; afterglow is a result of processes developing in nuclei and shells after detonation. The described picture is consistent with experimental results for GRBs. According to WUM, GRPs are rotating neutralino stars and WIMP stars that have maximum mass and minimum size which are equal to parameters of neutron stars. WUM predicts that the concentration of protons and electrons in intergalactic plasma n decreases inversely proportional to cosmological time and in present epoch equals to . The energy density of Intergalactic Plasma relative to the critical energy density equals to . Time delay of FRBs is calculated through these characteristics. The calculated values are in good agreement with experimentally found values. Many experimental results, including the redshift for FRB 150418, remarkable brightness for FRB 150807 and transient gamma-ray counterpart for FRB 131104 are explained. WUM can serve as a basis for Transient Astrophysics.
Biography:
Ghassan H Halasa has retired from University of Jordan as Professor of Electrical Engineering. His early education was in Physics. He is a Fulbright Scholar at Murray State University in 2004 and a Visiting Professor at Western Michigan University in 2008. Most of his recent published work was in Electrical Engineering in the field of Renewable Energy. Recently, he published a book as an alternative to the Big Bang Theory.
Abstract:
Galilean and Lorentz transformations can be used to show the validity of the following postulates: 1) Inertial reference frames exist at any speed including slower, faster, or at the speed of light. 2) Inside any inertial reference frame, life is normal and all laws of physics are valid. 3) Masses can exit the speed-of-light reference frame to a faster or slower speed, but they cannot return to that speed (one-way exit). Contrary to the big bang theory, at some point in time 13.7 billion years ago, two particles of equal momentum and energy escaped the speed of light (sonic) reference frame; the electron is the forward particle with supersonic speed while the proton is the opposite direction particle and came to relative rest. For a rest observer, both particles propagate in an expanded space. The electron and proton stopped in supersonic and rest reference frames respectively. Both particles’ total energies are equal at exit and at their final destinations. The electron speed in the supersonic frame was calculated and found to be 1.8175x1010 m/s. As observed from rest, the speed was found to be 9.9x106 m/s which is only little higher than Bohr’s electron speed in orbit in the hydrogen atom. The excess kinetic energy in the newly formed atom is calculated as heat energy that raised the temperature of the hydrogen atom to 1.57x106 degrees K. For both particles’ effort to recombine in an effort to return to their ground state, which is the speed of light; being unable to reach the speed of light because of their increased masses and according to postulate 3 above, they stop at a distance which is defined as the atomic radius in the hydrogen atom. The recombination effort could explain the electrostatic attraction. The particle’s exit process is random and can explain the creation of particles with partial mass and charge.
Eduard E Saperstein
National Recearch Centre ‘Kurchatov Insitute’, Russia
Title: Alpha-decay energies of superheavy nuclei for the Fayans functional
Time : 17:00-17:20
Biography:
Eduard E Saperstein has completed his PhD from National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia and Post-doctoral studies from the same University. He has completed his thesis of Docotor of Science. He is the Professor of MEPhI and the Chief Researcher in Kurchatov Institute. He is also the Assistant Editor of the journal Physics of Atomic Nuclei. He has published more than 150 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Alpha-decay energies for several chains of superheavy nuclei are calculated within the self-consistent mean-field approach by using the Fayans energy density functional (EDF) FaNDF0. They are compared to the experimental data and predictions of two popular Skyrme EDFs, SLy4 and SkM* and of the macro-micro method as well. The corresponding lifetimes are calculated with the use of the semi-phenomenological formulas by Parkhomenko and Sobiczewski and by Royer and Zhang. There are two essential differences
between the Fayans EDF and all Skyrme EDFs. The main, in-volume term of the Fayans EDF is different from the analogous one of the Skyrme EDF by the density dependent so-called ‘Fayans denominator’. The use of the bare mass, m*=m, is another peculiarity of the Fayans EDF, whereas the use of the effective mass m*
on their charge radii and magnetic moments of odd Pb isotopes. The Fayans EDF predicts the spherical ground state of all lead isotopes, in agreement with experiment.
Xiaodong Li
National University of Defense Technology, China
Title: Nuclear stability from another point of view
Time : 17:20-17:40
Biography:
Xiaodong Li has completed his PhD from Université de Montréal (1993), MS from Nankai University (1981), BS from Tianjin University (1977). He is a Professor in NUDT reseaching and teaching in the fields of polymer chemistry, material chemistry and physics, crystal and structure chemistry and physics.
Abstract:
For an element, some isotopes are stable and some are not. Quantum theory rationizes “magic number” and explains some of the reasons. For a comprhensive and visual understanding, one may need a model to directly explain the comlexity. Based on the newly proposed nuclear structure model of “folding ring plus extra nucleon”, one can derive the following conclusions: 1) For nuclei, if the number of proton (P) is larger than that of neutron (N), they must be unstable (except 3He, which is not a ring). 2) If extra N besides ZP+ZN ring can attach to at least 2 ring P’s with suitable geometrical arrangement based on the model, the nuclide will be stable. The extra N bridges 2 ring P’s to stabilize some less stable rings (like 9Be). 3) Any ring with a free P2N2 fragment will release an α-particle along with another smaller ring (like 8Be, which splits into two 4He’s). 4) Odd Z elements are generally less stable than those of even Z, because the odd Z ring must be eccentric (the gravity centers of the P and N can not be superposed), which accompanied with lower binding energy per nucleon (EB/A). 5) For odd Z ring, odd number of extra N may reduce the eccentricity, leading to higher EB/A, while for even Z rings, odd number of extra N arouses eccentricity, leading to lower EB/A. This situation is demonstrated in unexceptional zigzag EB/A variation of all the isotopes of any reported element, where in odd Z elements, vertex at odd A; while in even Z elements, vertex at even A. 6) For large Z elements, which is based on a large ring, more extra N are necessary to fill the larger void space of the ring even though it is folding. This is another function of extra N, The N/P ratio of the stable zone increases with higher Z, the maximum N/P ratio should be 1.5 (every two ring P’s hold one extra N). Arguably, some heavy stable nuclides, such as 208Pb, may be eventually found to be unstable with extra long life time. The stablity island with both large magic number seems to be impossible because it needs very high N/P ratio to fill the very large void space.