Day 3 :
Keynote Forum
Qiuhe Peng
Nanjing University, China
Keynote: The observed evidence of both invalidating black hole model at the galactic center and magnetic monopole existence
Time : 09:00-09:30
Biography:
Qiuhe Peng is mainly engaged in Nuclear Astrophysics, Particle Astrophysics and Galactic Astronomy research. In the field of Nuclear Astrophysics, his research project involved a neutron star (pulsar), the supernova explosion mechanism and the thermonuclear reaction inside the star, the synthesis of heavy elements and
interstellar radioactive element such as the origin of celestial 26Al. In addition, through his lectures, he establishes Nuclear Astrophysics research in China. He was invited by Peking University, by Tsinghua University (both in Beijing and in Taiwan) and by Nuclear Physics institutes in Beijing, Shanghai, Lanzhou to give lectures on Nuclear Astrophysics for many times. He has participated in the international academic conferences over 40 times and he visited more than 20 countries. In 1994, he visited eight institutes in USA to give lectures. He is the first Chinese Astrophysicist to visit NASA and to give a lecture on the topic, “Nuclear Synthesis of Interstellar 26Al”. In 2005, he visited USA twice and gave lectures in eight universities again. Inviting six Astronomers of USA to give series lectures, he has hosted four consecutive terms summer school on gravitational wave astronomy. After the four-summer school obvious effect, at least 20 young scholars in China in the field of gravitational wave astronomy specialized in learning and research. 220 research papers by him have been published.
Abstract:
According to an abnormally strong radial magnetic field near the GC detected in 2013, we first demonstrate that the radiations observed from the region neighbor of the Galactic Center (GC) is hardly emitted by the gas of accretion disk which is prevented from approaching to the GC by the abnormally strong radial magnetic field. These radiations can't be produced by the black hole at the Center. Secondly, we demonstrate that the abnormally strong radial magnetic field near the GC discovered in 2013 is hardly produced by the α-turbulence dynamo mechanism which is the known most effective dynamo mechanism up to now. The dilemmas of both the black hole model at the GC and the discovery that very strong radial magnetic field in the neighbor of the GC are naturally solved in our model of supermassive object with magnetic monopoles (SMOMM) proposed by Peng and Chou at 2001, in which five predictions had been proposed. Three of these predictions are quantitatively confirmed by later astronomical observations. Thus, we believe that the discovery of abnormally strong radial magnetic field near the GC is probably just the astronomical observational evidence for magnetic monopole existence which is predicted in particle physics. The Conclusions of the paper are: 1) It could be an astronomical observational evidence of the existence of magnetic monopoles which it predicated in particle physics. 2) The black hole model of the GC is invalid. 3) The radiations emitted from the region near the GC may be naturally explained by our model and then our model containing magnetic monopoles could be a reasonable one.
Keynote Forum
Al Zahrani Abdullah
Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
Keynote: Wavy žTheory
Time : 09:30-10:00
Biography:
Al Zahrani Abdullah has completed his Bachelor’s degree in Aero Science from King Fisal Air Academy “KFAA” as a military pilot around 14 years as a pilot in Royal Saudi Air Force. He is the Founder and CEO of Alzahrani Space Innovation, part of Alzahrani International Holding Group SPZOO, Poland. He is interested in Physics, Astrophysics & Space Science and Research in Medicine.
Abstract:
All theories, which describe the beginning of universe, focus on that the universe started with huge explosion, which created everything, while we should ask how galaxies and planets started and black holes were created. We should have a key to understand and proof for that. Which scientists just explain what they want to get in the result, which we already see today? In this paper, I am going to show how I can prove that the universe started with a wave of light, a wave which made the space rubble around and move far away from the source. And during wavy movement galaxies formed and even planets, stars and black holes were formed by curving space only while time is moving smoothly. Through deep looking to the shape and way of movement of the wave we can notice that it is easy to shape galaxies and even black holes. When a galaxy fail to create enough force or gravity to hold together it will just disappear by stronger gravity created by centralized force inside the spherical waves. From that explanation, we can tell that space is moving originally to one direction but the formation of galaxies move in different directions and that is why we see galaxies not rotating around other galaxies. Through this theory, we can tell that galaxies located in certain position share the same properties as other galaxies except properties in time and space like temperature.
- Plenary Talk
Location: Texas A
Session Introduction
Jehonathan Bentwich
Brain Perfection LTD, Israel
Title: Does the computational unified field theory (CUFT) challenge the “Big-Bang theory�
Time : 10:00-10:45
Biography:
Jehonathan Bentwich is currently working in the Brain Perfection Ltd, Israel. He has extended his valuable service in the field of Big-Bang theory and has been a
recipient of many awards. His international experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study.
Abstract:
A recently discovered ‘Computational Unified Field Theory’ (CUFT) has been validated as a satisfactory ‘Theory of Everything’ (TOE) capable of resolving the key theoretical inconsistencies that exist between Quantum Mechanics (QM) and Relativity Theory (RT). Additionally, this CUFT signifies a ‘Paradigmatic Shift’ from the current ‘Material-Causal’ Paradigm underlying both QM and RT towards the CUFT’s ‘A-Causal Computation’ Paradigm which posits that all of the spatial pixels in the physical universe are computed simultaneously by a singular (higher-ordered) Universal Computational Principle (UCP) hence negating the possibility of the existence of any ‘material-causal’ relationship/s or effects between any two (or more) quantum or relativistic elements or phenomena; Interestingly, this new CUFT ‘A-Causal Computation’ Paradigm is shown to resolve one of the key unresolved Physical conundrums of “dark-matter” and “dark-energy” (accounting for up to 90% of all mass and energy in the physical universe) as well as challenges the basic “Big-Bang Theory’ standing as the basis for Relativity’s description of the origin of our universe. This is due to the CUFT’s ‘A-Causal Computation’ reliance upon the ‘Universal Computational Principle’s simultaneous computation of any spatial pixel in the physical universe at any minimal time-point (c2/h) comprising any single or multiple ‘Universal Simultaneous Computational Frame’ (USCF’s) which precludes the possibility of any ‘material-causal’ relationship between any two or more (quantum or relativistic) physical elements existing either within- or across- any two subsequent USCF’s frames, e.g., including between the “big-bang” explosion that is assumed to take place within the universe’s “first” USCF frame and any other subsequent hypothetical USCF frame. Potentially far reaching theoretical ramifications of the CUFT’s ‘A-Causal Computation’ (new) Paradigm are discussed.
- Workshop
Location: Texas A
Session Introduction
P D Morley
Booz-Allen-Hamilton, USA
Title: Condensed neutrino objects as dark matter
Time : 11:05-11:25
Biography:
P D Morley has had dual careers in academia and Defense Sciences. He has supported various Government Agencies in Science.
Abstract:
Condensation of Big Bang cosmological neutrinos (and anti-neutrinos) into Condensed Neutrino Objects (CNOs) may constitute Dark Matter. We discuss a possible energy-loss mechanism that may allow condensation. The CNO stable configurations come about by solving the hydro-static equation of equilibrium with the neutrino equation of state. Observational signatures of CNOs will be discussed, in part II of our talk, by Dr. Buettner.
Biography:
D J Buettner completed his PhD in Astronautical Engineering from the University of Southern California’s Viterbi School of Engineering as an Aerospace Corporate Fellow; all while working full time. He has Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees in Physics from Oregon State University; funded in part by a NASA student research grant to investigate the hypervelocity intact capture phenomenon. He has published a book and published or co-published more than 36 papers in conferences and journals with 8 of those being in reputed journals. He is currently a government IPA supporting the USD (AT&L) with performance assessments of the DoD acquisition system.
Abstract:
In part-I of our talk, by Dr. Morley, relativistic magnetic dipole radiation loss was proposed as a potential mechanism for slowing down primordial “Big Bang” neutrinos. That talk outlined the CNO equation of state and the resulting equilibrium objects, revealing that the CNO would constitute the largest and most massive objects in the universe. The purpose of this talk is to bridge the previous theoretical discussion to the current status of CNO research, identifying the astrophysical evidence. The upcoming KATRIN experiment measuring the mass of the electron anti-neutrino down to 0.35 eV/c^2 can confirm the viability of CNOs as the Dark Matter.
- Astrophysics and Space Science | Nuclear Astrophysics | Dark Matter and Dark Energy
Location: Texas A
Chair
Vasily Yu Belashov
Kazan Federal University, Russia
Co-Chair
Ivan Zhelyazkov
Sofia University, Bulgaria
Session Introduction
Ghassan H Halasa
University of Jordan, Jordan
Title: Black holes observed gates to a parallel universe
Time : 11:45-12:05
Biography:
Ghassan H Halasa has retired from University of Jordan as Professor of Electrical Engineering. His early education was in Physics. He is a Fulbright Scholar at Murray State University in 2004 and a Visiting Professor at Western Michigan University in 2008. Most of his recent published work was in Electrical Engineering in the field of Renewable Energy. Recently, he published a book as an alternative to the Big Bang Theory.
Abstract:
It is shown that inertial reference frames can exist at any speed including the speed of light (sonic speed). It is also shown that at speed very near sonic speed, the reference frame is observed from rest to be a thin sheet with the reduced dimension is the direction of motion. It is also shown that at exactly sonic speed the reference frame shrinks to zero volume. The thin sheet near sonic speed is similar to a flying flag with bends. At sonic speed, a rest observer finds the main body of the sheet shrunk to zero volume, while the bends appear as islands. According to Lorentz mass equation, the mass inside the travelling bends appear to be near infinity concentrated in small area exerting very large gravitational field, while time dilates to infinity. The velocity u’ inside the bends as observed from rest is defined as = 0 (1). The velocity in (1) is an indication that kinetic energy in space bends is zero, hence no molecular motion is observed from rest and therefore no light can be observed to emerge. The inside of the bends clearly exercises the characteristics of black holes. Assume two large extent inertial reference frames travelling away from each other at sonic speed. Setting the speed of one frame as zero, the other frame is travelling at sonic speed. Let the rest reference frame be large enough to enclose our entire universe. An observer on the sonic reference frame finds that he is at rest and the other reference frame is travelling away at sonic speed. He measures infinite mass with zero volume. The infinite mass may reflect the actual mass of our universe. Similarly, an observer at rest finds also the travelling reference frame to be zero volume with infinite mass. The infinite mass may indicate the existence of a universe comparable to our own traveling at sonic speed. It can be concluded that black holes are the gates that connect the two-dimensional universes.
Tonatiuh Matos
Stanford University of Medicine, USA
Title: Scalar fields as dark matter
Time : 12:05-12:25
Biography:
Tonatiuh Matos has completed his graduation in Theoretical Physics at the Friedrich-Schiller Universität in Jena, Germany and habilitation at the same University. He had Post-doctoral positions at the Universität Wien and at the Technische Universität Wien. He has been Visiting Professor at Albert Einstein Institute of the Max-Planck Gessellschaft in Germany and at German Universities and Visiting Professor at University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. He has more than 120 publications in international research journals, 40 in proceedings and 12 publications in popular science journals. He has written two popular science books, one monography on mathematical physics, three science fiction novels and has been editor of seven research specialized books.
Abstract:
One alternative to the cold dark matter (CDM) paradigm is the scalar field dark matter (SFDM) model, which assumes dark matter is a spin-0 ultra-light scalar field with a typical mass m∼10^{−22}eV/c2 and positive self-interactions. Due to the ultra-light boson mass, the SFDM could form Bose–Einstein condensates in the very early universe, which are interpreted as the dark matter haloes. Although cosmologically the model behaves as CDM, they differ at small scales: SFDM naturally predicts fewer satellite haloes, cores in dwarf galaxies and the formation of massive galaxies at high redshifts. In this talk, we describe this model and show that the SFDM model is an interesting alternative to be the dark matter of the universe.
Vasily Yu Belashov
Kazan Federal University, Russia
Title: Multidimensional nonlinear ion-acoustic waves in a weakly relativistic plasma
Time : 12:25-12:45
Biography:
Vasily Yu Belashov has completed his PhD in Radiophysics and DSci in Physics and Math-ematics. His main fields include theory and numerical simulation of the dynamics of multi-dimensional nonlinear waves, solitons and vortex structures in plasmas and other dispersive media. Presently, he is Chief Scientist at the Kazan Federal University. He was Coordinator of studies on the International Program “Solar Terminator” (1987-1992) and took part in programs WITS/WAGS and STEP. He is author of 288 publications including 6 monographs.
Abstract:
The structure and dynamics of the multidimensional nonlinear ion-acoustic waves in unmagnetized plasma including the case of collisional weakly relativistic plasma, when it is necessary to take into account the high energy flows of particles are studied analytically and numerically on the base of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation generalized by introducing the relativistic factor u/c, when the coefficients at nonlinear and dispersive terms are defined by this ratio. In particular, when kinetic energy of the ions at u0/c ~ 0.1 reaches values of ~ 4.7MeV, the 2D weakly relativistic ion-acoustic solitary waves describe a motion of energetic protons with speed approaching to speed of light, that is observed in the magnetospheric plasma. It is shown that if a speed of particles in plasma reaches speed of light that the relativistic effects at propagation of the 2D solitary ion-acoustic wave start to play rather essential role and influence on phase velocity, amplitude and characteristic sizes of 2D wave. Obtained results include simpler limited cases which were considered by other authors, but they are essentially more general. The results obtained can be useful at study of nonlinear wave processes in the magnetosphere. They also have obvious applications in such physical systems as laser plasma and
astrophysics (including compact astrophysical systems, for example white dwarfs).
Ivan Zhelyazkov
Sofia University, Bulgaria
Title: Kelvin–Helmholtz instability in solar jets observed by Hinode and SDO/AIA
Time : 14:00-14:20
Biography:
Ivan Zhelyazkov has completed his PhD from the Lebedev Institute of Physics, Moscow and Post-doctoral studies as an Alexander von Humboldt Fellow from Ruhr Universität Bochum, Universität Essen and Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam. He has worked also as a Post-doc at the University of St. Andrews and the Centre for Mathematical Plasma Astrophysics of KU Leuven. He is Professor of Plasma Physics at Sofia University. He has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of the Bulgarian Journal of Physics. He is member of the Union of the Scientists in Bulgaria, Union of the Physicists in Bulgaria, Institute of Physics, London, European Physical Society and Individual Member of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI).
Abstract:
It is well established by observations that the solar atmosphere is a highly complicated region that is magnetically structured and contains various kinds of jets. Those jets have been observed by a numerous instruments on board of spacecrafts like Hinode and the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO). The axially moving along the background magnetic field solar jets supports the propagation of magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) modes characterised by their azimuthal mode number m. The stability of these MHD modes crucially depends upon the flow speed of the jets. When the jet’s speed exceeds some critical value, the propagating MHD mode becomes unstable and the developing instability is known as Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instability. The KH instability exhibits itself as a vortex sheet that evolves near jet’s boundary and notably this vortex sheet causes the conversion of the directed flow energy into the turbulent energy. The triggered by the KH instability wave turbulence is considered to be one of the main mechanisms of the coronal heating. Here, we consider the conditions under which the KH instability can arise in a EUV jet situated on the west side of NOAA AR 10938 and observed by three instruments on board Hinode on 2007 January 15/16. The jet was observed around Log Te = 6.2 with up-flow velocities exceeded 150 km/s. We have modelled that EUV jet as a vertically moving magnetic flux tube (untwisted and weakly twisted) and have studied the propagation characteristics of the kink (m = 1) mode and the higher MHD modes with azimuthal mode numbers m = 2, 3, 4. It turns out that all these MHD waves can become unstable at flow velocities in the range of 112–114.8 km/s. It is interesting to note that similar results have been obtained in studying KH instability in soft X-ray jets observed by the soft X-ray telescope aboard Yohkoh. No less intriguing is the study of KH instability in rotating, tornado-like solar jets. Very recently, we have investigated the occurrence of KH instability in a twisting solar polar coronal hole jet observed by SDO/AIA. The time-evolution study of a jet event of 2010 August 21 showed the appearance of small moving blobs on the right side boundary of the rotating jet, whose temporal evolution in their initial stage was found to be about 2–4 minutes. Modelling the jet as a weakly twisted magnetic flux tube with rotation velocity of 136 km/s and axial speed of 114 km/s, we have obtained that a higher (m = 12) MHD mode can become KH unstable with wavelengths of 10 and 12 Mm and instability evolution times of 4 and 2 min, respectively, in a very good agreement with the observations.
Xiao Zhang
Nanjing University, China
Title: The γ-ray emission produced by protons that escape from supernova remnant G349.7+0.2
Time : 14:20-14:40
Biography:
Xiao Zhang mainly studies the gamma-ray emission from supernova remnants (SNRs) and obtained his Doctor degree in 2016 at Nanjing University. He is interested in energetic phenomena in supernova remnants and relevant physical processes. It is usually believed that galactic SNRs are the main accelerators of cosmic rays. At present, he focuses on interacting SNRs that interact with molecular clouds and identifies the hadronic gamma-rays to find evidence of proton accelerations.
Abstract:
G349.7+0.2 is an interacting supernova remnant (SNR) expanding in a dense medium. Recently, a very strong γ-ray source coincident with this SNR has been revealed by Fermi-LAT and H.E.S.S. observation which shows a broken power-law-like spectrum. An escaping-diffusion model, including the power-law and δ-function injection, is applied to this source which can naturally explain the spectral feature in both the GeV and TeV regime. We use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to constrain the model parameters and find that the correction factor of slow diffusion around this SNR, χ∼0.01 for power-law injection and χ∼0.1 for δ-function injection, can fit the data best with reasonable molecular cloud mass. This slow diffusion is also consistent with previous results from both phenomenological models and theoretical predication.
Piotr Gnaciński
University of Gdańsk, Poland
Title: Is dark matter present in our galaxy?
Time : 14:40-15:00
Biography:
Piotr Gnaciński is an Astrophysicist working in the area of interstellar matter. He is an Associate Professor at the University of Gdańsk. He has 28 publications listed in Web of Science.
Abstract:
Dark matter is a well-established component of our Universe. Dark matter is indispensable in cosmology, galaxies formation and is indirectly seen in galaxy clusters due to its gravitational lensing. A halo of dark matter can explain the flat rotation curve of galaxies. There are however doubts about the amount of dark matter in our own Galaxy. Some observations of our Galaxy do not need dark matter component to explain the kinematics. Moni Bidin et al. have analyzed kinematics of red giants in solar vicinity and found no evidence of dark matter. Mass density obtained by various gravitational microlensing observations explains the inner rotation curve without the need of any additional mass. The radial velocities of interstellar clouds are on the Keplerian rotation curve. We have analyzed old open clusters in the outer part of our Galaxy. At least some old open clusters are known to have nearly circular orbits. Circular orbits allow us to calculate the rotational velocity. The Galaxy rotational velocity derived from the radial velocities of old open clusters is consistent with the Keplerian velocity curve. Maybe we don’t have dark matter in our Galaxy?
Anton Lipovka
Sonora University, Mexico
Title: Remarks regarding the dark matter problem
Time : 15:00-15:20
Biography:
Anton Lipovka has his expertise in astrophysics, cosmology, molecular spectroscopy, theoretical physics and solid state physics as well. Since 2013, he is working on the fundamentals of quantum physics and the problem of unification of gravity with quantum theory.
Abstract:
In present report we show that so-called Dark Matter has pure geometrical origin. This fact is proved in two independent ways: 1) Analytical solutions of the differential equations of mass transfer in the galaxy are proposed, taking into account the correct geometry. 2) A similar result was obtained within the framework of the integral approach. Consequences of this fact for the cosmology are discussed.
Biography:
Bhaben Chandra Kalita has completed his PhD from Gauhati University in the field of Non- Linear Plasma Waves. He is serving as Professor Emeritus at present in the Department of Mathematics, Gauhati University after retirement. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals like Physics of Fluids-B in brief communication, Physics of Plasmas, Astrophysics and Space Science, Journal of Plasma Physics, Physical Society of Japan, Communication in Theoretical Physics, Plasma Physics Reports, Journal of Mathematics-A Gen., etc.
Abstract:
The simple consideration of inertia less electrons i.e. me tending to zero in the momentum equation of motion of electrons gives rise to the Boltzmann relation ne=exp (Ï•). The investigation of nonlinear solitary waves in multi component plasma or in dusty plasma through ‘Energy Integral’ is mostly confined to the application of this simple Boltzmann relation of electrons or even of ions to get rid of complexity. Contextually in multi component plasma, the perturbative method needs to be applied as the energy integral cannot be deduced (except in simple cases with Boltzmann relation). But the occurrence of nanoparticles in the modern dynamical scenario demands inclusion of electron inertia so that me is non- zero. In conformity with this the Cairns distribution of electrons and ions ne = (1-βφ+βφ2) exp(φ) and ne=(1+βφ+βφ2) exp (-φ) respectively have already been established for non-thermal parameter β which contain the Boltzmann relations for β=0. Similarly, Kappa distribution and some other distributions are in great use in non-thermal situations. These ideas prompt us to develop new distributions of electrons and ions with inertias as an extension of the simple Boltzmann relations. For this purpose, the following relations of electrons and ions are established for the first time: Where Comparison of the author’s ion’s distribution and Cairns ion’s distribution the following important equation of electron to ion temperature ratio is established.
Marcony S Cunha
Ceará State University, Brazil
Title: About the dependence of the black-body force on space-time geometry and topology
Time : 15:40-16:00
Biography:
Marcony S Cunha has his experience in Physics focusing on general theory of particles and fields, classical and alternative theories of gravitation and quantum mechanics.
Abstract:
The recently discovered attractive force on neutral atoms caused by the thermal radiation emitted from black bodies is now here investigated in relativistic gravitational systems with spherical and cylindrical symmetries. The purpose of this study is to show the corrections to the potential and black-body force (BBF) due to spacetime geometry and topology. For some astrophysical objects we find that the corrected black-body potential is greater than that in flat case, showing that this kind of correction can be quite relevant when curved spaces are considered. Then we consider four cases: The Schwarzschild spacetime, the global monopole, the non-relativistic infinity cylinder and the static cosmic string. For the spherically symmetric case of a massive body, we find that two corrections appear: One due to the gravitational modification of the temperature and the other due to the modification of the solid angle subtended by the atom. We apply the found results to a typical neutron star and to the Sun. For the global monopole, the modification in the potential is due to its topological nature and central solid angle deficit that occurs in the spacetime generated by that object. In the cylindrical case, which is locally flat, no gravitational correction to the temperature exists, as in the global monopole case. However, we find the curious fact that the BBF depends on the topology of the spacetime through the modification of the azimuthal angle and therefore of the solid angle. For the static cosmic string we find that the force is null for the zero thickness case. In conclusion, we believe that massive objects which can warp the spacetime can also magnify the black-body force effect on atoms around them and that the phenomena can contribute to the understanding the formation of stars and planets and other cosmological objects.
Vladimir S Netchitailo
BIOLASE, USA
Title: Burst astrophysics and macro object shell model
Time : 16:20-16:40
Biography:
Vladimir S Netchitailo is Doctor of Sciences in Physics, having worked under the guidance of Alexander Prokhorov, a Nobel Prize winner. During his career, he has
published over 150 papers. He has developed the World-Universe Model - a cosmological model that demonstrates that there exist direct relationships among the cosmological parameters of the world and provides a mathematica l framework that allows calculating them directly.
Abstract:
Hypersphere World–Universe Model (WUM) gives an explanation for Gamma-Ray Pulsars (GRPs), Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) through the frames of Macroobject Shell Model. According to WUM, Macroobjects (MO) possess the following properties: Nuclei are made up of Dark Matter particles (DMP). Surrounding shells contain dark matter and baryonic matter; nuclei and shells are growing in time proportionally to root square of cosmological time until they reach the critical point of their stability, at which they detonate; the energy released during detonation is produced by the annihilation of DMP; the detonation process does not destroy MO; it’s rather Hyper-flares analogous to Solar flares; all other DMP can start annihilation process as the result of the first shell instability and give rise to a gamma-radiation with different emission lines in spectra of GRBs. Consequently, the diversity of very high energy bursts has a clear explanation; afterglow is a result of processes developing in nuclei and shells after detonation. The described picture is consistent with experimental results for GRBs. According to WUM, GRPs are rotating neutralino stars and WIMP stars that have maximum mass and minimum size which are equal to parameters of neutron stars. WUM predicts that the concentration of protons and electrons in intergalactic plasma n decreases inversely proportional to cosmological time and in present epoch equals to . The energy density of Intergalactic Plasma relative to the critical energy density equals to . Time delay of FRBs is calculated through these characteristics. The calculated values are in good agreement with experimentally found values. Many experimental results, including the redshift for FRB 150418, remarkable brightness for FRB 150807 and transient gamma-ray counterpart for FRB 131104 are explained. WUM can serve as a basis for Transient Astrophysics.
Biography:
Ghassan H Halasa has retired from University of Jordan as Professor of Electrical Engineering. His early education was in Physics. He is a Fulbright Scholar at Murray State University in 2004 and a Visiting Professor at Western Michigan University in 2008. Most of his recent published work was in Electrical Engineering in the field of Renewable Energy. Recently, he published a book as an alternative to the Big Bang Theory.
Abstract:
Galilean and Lorentz transformations can be used to show the validity of the following postulates: 1) Inertial reference frames exist at any speed including slower, faster, or at the speed of light. 2) Inside any inertial reference frame, life is normal and all laws of physics are valid. 3) Masses can exit the speed-of-light reference frame to a faster or slower speed, but they cannot return to that speed (one-way exit). Contrary to the big bang theory, at some point in time 13.7 billion years ago, two particles of equal momentum and energy escaped the speed of light (sonic) reference frame; the electron is the forward particle with supersonic speed while the proton is the opposite direction particle and came to relative rest. For a rest observer, both particles propagate in an expanded space. The electron and proton stopped in supersonic and rest reference frames respectively. Both particles’ total energies are equal at exit and at their final destinations. The electron speed in the supersonic frame was calculated and found to be 1.8175x1010 m/s. As observed from rest, the speed was found to be 9.9x106 m/s which is only little higher than Bohr’s electron speed in orbit in the hydrogen atom. The excess kinetic energy in the newly formed atom is calculated as heat energy that raised the temperature of the hydrogen atom to 1.57x106 degrees K. For both particles’ effort to recombine in an effort to return to their ground state, which is the speed of light; being unable to reach the speed of light because of their increased masses and according to postulate 3 above, they stop at a distance which is defined as the atomic radius in the hydrogen atom. The recombination effort could explain the electrostatic attraction. The particle’s exit process is random and can explain the creation of particles with partial mass and charge.
Eduard E Saperstein
National Recearch Centre ‘Kurchatov Insitute’, Russia
Title: Alpha-decay energies of superheavy nuclei for the Fayans functional
Time : 17:00-17:20
Biography:
Eduard E Saperstein has completed his PhD from National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 115409 Moscow, Russia and Post-doctoral studies from the same University. He has completed his thesis of Docotor of Science. He is the Professor of MEPhI and the Chief Researcher in Kurchatov Institute. He is also the Assistant Editor of the journal Physics of Atomic Nuclei. He has published more than 150 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Alpha-decay energies for several chains of superheavy nuclei are calculated within the self-consistent mean-field approach by using the Fayans energy density functional (EDF) FaNDF0. They are compared to the experimental data and predictions of two popular Skyrme EDFs, SLy4 and SkM* and of the macro-micro method as well. The corresponding lifetimes are calculated with the use of the semi-phenomenological formulas by Parkhomenko and Sobiczewski and by Royer and Zhang. There are two essential differences
between the Fayans EDF and all Skyrme EDFs. The main, in-volume term of the Fayans EDF is different from the analogous one of the Skyrme EDF by the density dependent so-called ‘Fayans denominator’. The use of the bare mass, m*=m, is another peculiarity of the Fayans EDF, whereas the use of the effective mass m*
on their charge radii and magnetic moments of odd Pb isotopes. The Fayans EDF predicts the spherical ground state of all lead isotopes, in agreement with experiment.
Xiaodong Li
National University of Defense Technology, China
Title: Nuclear stability from another point of view
Time : 17:20-17:40
Biography:
Xiaodong Li has completed his PhD from Université de Montréal (1993), MS from Nankai University (1981), BS from Tianjin University (1977). He is a Professor in NUDT reseaching and teaching in the fields of polymer chemistry, material chemistry and physics, crystal and structure chemistry and physics.
Abstract:
For an element, some isotopes are stable and some are not. Quantum theory rationizes “magic number” and explains some of the reasons. For a comprhensive and visual understanding, one may need a model to directly explain the comlexity. Based on the newly proposed nuclear structure model of “folding ring plus extra nucleon”, one can derive the following conclusions: 1) For nuclei, if the number of proton (P) is larger than that of neutron (N), they must be unstable (except 3He, which is not a ring). 2) If extra N besides ZP+ZN ring can attach to at least 2 ring P’s with suitable geometrical arrangement based on the model, the nuclide will be stable. The extra N bridges 2 ring P’s to stabilize some less stable rings (like 9Be). 3) Any ring with a free P2N2 fragment will release an α-particle along with another smaller ring (like 8Be, which splits into two 4He’s). 4) Odd Z elements are generally less stable than those of even Z, because the odd Z ring must be eccentric (the gravity centers of the P and N can not be superposed), which accompanied with lower binding energy per nucleon (EB/A). 5) For odd Z ring, odd number of extra N may reduce the eccentricity, leading to higher EB/A, while for even Z rings, odd number of extra N arouses eccentricity, leading to lower EB/A. This situation is demonstrated in unexceptional zigzag EB/A variation of all the isotopes of any reported element, where in odd Z elements, vertex at odd A; while in even Z elements, vertex at even A. 6) For large Z elements, which is based on a large ring, more extra N are necessary to fill the larger void space of the ring even though it is folding. This is another function of extra N, The N/P ratio of the stable zone increases with higher Z, the maximum N/P ratio should be 1.5 (every two ring P’s hold one extra N). Arguably, some heavy stable nuclides, such as 208Pb, may be eventually found to be unstable with extra long life time. The stablity island with both large magic number seems to be impossible because it needs very high N/P ratio to fill the very large void space.
- Workshop
Location: Texas A
Session Introduction
Vasily Yu Belashov
Kazan Federal University, Russia
Title: Nonlinear dynamics of the 3D solitary Alfvén waves in the ionospheric and magnetospheric plasma
Time : 10:00-10:40
Biography:
Vasily Yu Belashov has completed his PhD in Radiophysics and DSci in Physics and Mathematics. His main fields include theory and numerical simulation of the dynamics of multi-dimensional nonlinear waves, solitons and vortex structures in plasmas and other dispersive media. Presently, he is Chief Scientist at the Kazan
Federal University. He was Coordinator of studies on the International Program “Solar Terminator” (1987-1992) and took part in programs WITS/WAGS and STEP. He is author of 288 publications including 6 monographs.
Abstract:
The nonlinear dynamics of the 3D solitary Alfvén waves propagating nearly parallel to the external magnetic field in plasma of ionosphere and magnetosphere, which are described by the model of the 3-DNLS equation, is studied analytically and numerically. Under the assumption of negligible dissipative effects, the analytical estimates and the sufficient conditions for the stability of 3D solutions of the 3-DNLS equation are obtained, based on the transformational properties of the system’s Hamiltonian for the whole range of the equation coefficients. On the basis of asymptotic analysis, the solutions asymptotics are presented. To study the evolution of the 3D Alfven solitary waves including propagation of the Alfven waves’ beams in magnetized plasma the equation is integrated numerically using the simulation codes specially developed. The results show that the 3-DNLS equation in non-dissipative case can have the stable 3D solutions in form of the 3D Alfvén solitons (Fig. 1) and also on a level with them the 3D solutions collapsing (Fig. 2) or dispersing with time. In terms of the self-focusing phenomenon the results obtained can be interpreted as the formation of the stationary Alfvén wave beam propagating nearly parallel to magnetic field, or Alfvén wave beam spreading, or the self-focusing of the Alfvén wave beam. The influence of the dissipation in the medium on structure and character of evolution of 3D Alfvén waves is studied.
- Particle Physics | Cosmology | Gravitational Physics | High Energy Physics | Atomic and Molecular Astrophysics
Location: Texas A
Chair
Anton Lipovka
Sonora University, Mexico
Co-Chair
Heng Xiao
Jinan University, China
Session Introduction
Robert J Martineau
NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre, USA
Title: Photodynamics: How massive photons, gravitons, gluons and neutrinos manage to travel at the speed of light
Time : 11:00-11:20
Biography:
Robert J Martineau received an MSEE and a PhD in Physics (Relativity). After teaching Physics and working for a number of years in the defense industry developing HgCd-Te infrared detectors for missile defense programs, he joined NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. There, he had set up manufacturing facilities and designed, built, qualified and delivered HgCdTe focal plane arrays for the CIRS/Cassini mission. He served as the GSFC HgCdTe detector expert on a variety of programs like GOES, MODUS, NGST, CIRS and JWST. He retired in 2006 and returned to his first love, doing research in Theoretical Physics. This paper presents some of his findings from these efforts.
Abstract:
Our present understanding of how particles travel at the speed of light is all wrong. This is particularly apparent when the experimental facts of neutrino oscillation have to be denied preserving our present understanding of relativity. Massive neutrinos do travel at the speed of light. The experimental facts are correct. The theory is wrong. The source of the problem is the unjustified application of E = mc^2 to particles that travel at the speed of light. We first provide a rigorous proof that E = mc^2 and its associated energy-momentum theorem do not apply to any particle that travels at the speed of light. This means that relativity; the foundation of modern physics does not and has never possessed a valid relativistic dynamic for such particles. To remedy this shortcoming, we derive the laws of photodynamics whose equations are similar to but different from the Einstein equations in important respects. We use photodynamics to resolve three outstanding problems in physics: in relativity, the motion of massive particles at the speed of light; in cosmology, how cooling CMB photons lose energy for 13.8 billion years without slowing down; in neutrino astrophysics, neutrino oscillation at the speed of light. Along the way, we correct historical misconceptions like the "fact" that photons have a zero-rest mass and can only travel at the speed of light. The exact opposite is the case. In fact, all particles must have mass in order to exist. We also describe the exciting new property of self-propulsion, akin to rocket propulsion in space, wherein a particle like the photon consumes its internal energy in order to generate an internal force which accelerates it in the direction of flight until all its energy has been consumed and it has attained the speed of light.
Claude Daviau
Fondation Louis de Broglie, France
Title: Pauli principle and Clifford algebra
Time : 11:20-11:40
Biography:
Claude Daviau has completed his PhD in 1993 from Nantes University and has worked with the Louis de Broglie Foundation, a private foundation created by the
French Nobel Prize Louis de Broglie who discovered the quantum wave. He has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an
Editorial Board Member of the Annales de la Fondation Louis de Broglie.
Abstract:
The framework of classical physics is reunited with the framework of quantum mechanics, since all interactions are described with real Clifford algebras. Relativistic invariance is simply obtained from multiplications on the left place and gauge invariances are obtained from multiplications on the right place. The fundamental group of invariance of all physical interactions is the group of all invertible elements in the geometric algebra. The wave equation is gauge invariant under a gauge group which is exactly the U (1) × SU (2) × SU (3) group of the standard model of quantum physics. The mass term of the wave equation is compatible both with the form invariance that generalizes the relativistic invariance and with the gauge invariance. We integrate gravitation: If an inertial frame is heavy enough to include a quantum wave which is stationary in this frame, a double link exists between the wave equation and the Lagrangian density. Non-inertial frames are the ones coming from the use of variable terms in the geometric algebra. The normalization of the wave and the existence of a density of probability are both consequences of the principle of equivalence between inertial and gravitational mass-energy. We mainly study here the integration into this framework of the Pauli principle: we link this principle to the properties of the potential terms of gauge fields.
Leo Perlov
University of Massachusetts, USA
Title: Analog of the Peter-Weyl theorem for Lorentz group and Y-Map in loop quantum gravity
Time : 11:40-12:00
Biography:
Leo Perlov has completed his MS degree from Technion (Israel Institute of Technology). He is a Researcher at the Department of Physics in the University of Massachusetts. The recently published papers include: Physics Letters B 2015 L. Perlov Wheeler-DeWitt Equation for 4D Supermetric and ADM with Massless Scalar Field as Internal Time; Math Physics 2015 L. Perlov Analog of the Peter-Weyl Expansion for Lorentz Group; Annale Poincare 2017 L. Perlov and M Bukatin All Finite Dimensional Lorentz Representations contained in simplicity constraint solutions.
Abstract:
The simplicity constraints, introduced by John Barrett and Louse Crane allow to consider the quantum gravity as a 4-dimensional topological model called BF-model plus some constraints on the form of the bivectors used in BF model. Those constraints are called the simplicity constraints. The simplicity constraints is what makes the 4-dim topological model to become Einstein’s Quantum Gravity. The solutions of the simplicity constraints are the parameters of the Lorentz group principal series representation: k = j, ρ = jτ , j ε Z, τ ε C, or the corresponding Lorentz group matrix coefficients with those parameters. In my recent work published in the Math Physics 2015 I was able to use the simplicity constraints solution to derive the analog of the Peter-Weyl theorem for the non-compact Lorentz group (100 years after Peter and Weyl did it for the compact groups). It is very well known that the main theorem of the group representation theory – the Peter-Weyl theorem works only for the compact groups such as SU(2). That’s why it was not possible to use it for the Lorentz group. The nicety and usefulness of the Peter-Weyl theorem is that any square integrable function on the compact group can be expanded into its matrix coefficient functions and such expansion is convergent. I succeded to prove that the square integrable function on SL(2,C) can be expanded in its matrix coefficients with the parameters corresponding to the simplicity constraint solutions (j, j imes au) and such expansion is convergent. The proof of convergence is strictly mathematical and rigorous. This result shows that the simplicity constraint solutions are significant as they pick up the basis for expansion of any square integrable function on SL(2,C). Second it allows to define a convergent map, Y-Map between the square integrable functions on SU(2) and the functions on SL(2,C) by using the matrix coefficients of both expansions. Thus one can embed the solutions on SU(2) into the 4-dim Lorentz space. I believe that the ability to expand the functions on SL(2,C) into the series will become a very useful tool for phycisists. Aside from that, the strict mathematical result points us to the fact that the solutions of the simplicity constraints are more than just a model. The most recently (April 2017) published paper investigates all finite dimensional EPRL solutions of the simplicity constrants and their connections with the Barbero-Immirzi parameter spectrum. The finite dimensional solutions correspond to the non-unitary evolution, which is allowed in the background free quantum gravity.
John O Roberts
University of Liverpool, UK
Title: Proposed link between the periodic table and the standard model
Time : 12:00-12:20
Biography:
John O Roberts has been an Open University Science Tutor for 30 years having attended Rutherford-Appleton Lab and CERN as a summer school student. He
has been a freelance tutor of Maths, Physics and Chemistry for many years and wrote the book Those Infinities and the Periodic Table over a period of five years
from an idea in December 2010.
Abstract:
The patterns of stable quantum states in the Periodic Table are inverted and extended to infinity in both directions to accommodate spatial variation relative to the nucleus. The upper end leads to a cut off point for white matter. The lower end represents quantum states in plasma. At 10-15m to 10-20m the interaction between weak strong and gravity forces results in suitable boundary conditions for the production of elementary particles. Chemical classification of the elements requires convergence of chemical properties and quantum states. By defining GROUP NUMBER as the maximum number of electrons in any one shell, Hydrogen and Helium are moved to the first set of 2(1)2 states first proposed by Janet. The atomic numbers are adjusted and mass number removed as it is an average of isotopes of each element produced in every supernova. This produces the roberts janet nuclear periodic table which proposes two zero states, a cut off and start point, of the electric field in attractive then repulsive modes. By symmetry of these fields energy states emerge in plasma with the counter intuitive property that the nearer the nucleus the greater the number of energy states. Fusion results and the consequential recycling implies a more rapid collapse than supernovae given sufficient energy density that could create an as yet unobserved interaction at 10-50m to 10-65m between the strong and gravity forces. String theory and extra dimensions may be required to explain such mechanisms and multiverses.
Martin Reuter
University of Mainz, Germany
Title: Asymptotic safety in quantum gravity: Renormalizability and beyond
Time : 12:40-13:00
Biography:
Martin Reuter has worked at the European Center of Particle Physics CERN and the German DESY laboratory before becoming a Professor of Theoretical Physics
at the University of Mainz in 1997.
Abstract:
In this talk a general introduction to the main ideas and achievements of the asymptotic safety approach to quantum gravity will be given. In particular the functional renormalization group for gravity is briefly reviewed. The asymptotic safety program aims at constructing a consistent quantum field theory of gravity and spacetime geometry which complies with a number of indispensable physical principles such as Hilbert space positivity and background independence in addition to nonperturbative renormalizability. We will discuss recent work on some of these requirements in a simplified two-dimensional setting where the tools of conformal field theory are available.
Ribeyre X
University of Bordeaux, France
Title: Effect of differential cross section in Breit-wheeler pair beaming
Time : 12:40-13:00
Biography:
Ribeyre X has completed his PhD in 2006 on Rayleigh-Taylor instability in Supernovae remnant from Bordeaux University and obtained his habilitation (HDR) on contribution in high energy density physics in 2014. He has directed five PhD theses. He is Researcher in CELIA at Bordeaux University in interaction, inertial confinement fusion and astrophysics group. He has published more than 80 papers in peer-reviewed journals.
Abstract:
The pair creation from the Breit-Wheeler process γ+γ to e++e- is one of the basic processes in the universe. The electronpositron production is the lowest threshold process in photon-photon interaction, controlling the energy release in Gamma Ray Bursts, Active Galactic Nuclei, black holes and other explosive phenomena. It is also responsible for the TeV cutoff in the photon energy spectrum of extra-galactic sources. Laser induced intense gamma-ray sources will allow a direct observation of this process in the laboratory for the first time. Using such MeV photon sources, a new experimental set-up based on numerical simulation with QED effects is proposed to achieve more than 104 Breit-Wheeler pairs per shot. In this work we will demonstrate the effect of pair beaming in the collision of two photon beams which may facilitate the experimental observation of the Breit-Wheeler process. Moreover, we will discuss the effect of the differential Breit-Wheeler cross section on pair beaming and consider this effect in the context of Active Galaxy Nuclei.
M J Van Der Burgt
Delft University, Netherlands
Title: Accelerated expansion of a symmetric universe
Time : 14:00-14:20
Biography:
M J Van Der Burgt holds an MSc degree in Chemical Engineering of Delft University (Chemical Engineering). After a year in Purdue, he joined Shell where he worked for over 30 years in hydrogen processes and strategy. Since his retirement he worked for over 20 years as an independent consultant in the field of power generation and related subjects. He has lectured around the world including some seminars at Princeton University and wrote a standard work on the conversion of hydrocarbon fuels into synthesis gas and power. In 1953, he was awarded the DOW Chemical Energy prize and became a Knight in the order of Orange Nassau. It is his life long interest with physics and astronomy that has resulted in various manuscripts.
Abstract:
A universe containing matter and antimatter can only exist when matter and antimatter repel each other. Such a system, where like attracts like and like repels unlike, will always expand. Calculations made for such a symmetric universe demonstrate that the expansion is consistent with Hubble’s law, the observed increase in the expansion velocity with time, the initial high acceleration and the foam structure of the universe. Conversely, these observations can be considered as proof for a symmetrical universe and for antimatter possessing a negative gravitational mass. This underpins the untenability of the Weak Equivalence Principle which states that in a gravitational field all structure less point-like particles follow the same path.
Biography:
Vladimir S Netchitailo is a Doctor of Sciences in Physics, having worked under the guidance of Alexander Prokhorov, a Nobel Prize winner. During his career, he
has published over 150 papers. He has developed the World-Universe Model - a cosmological model that demonstrates that there exist direct relationships among
the cosmological parameters of the world and provides a mathematical framework that allows calculating them directly.
Abstract:
Hypersphere World – Universe Model (WUM) views the World as a 3-dimensional Hypersphere that expands along the fourth spatial dimension in the Universe. Model is based on Maxwell’s equations that form the foundation of Electromagnetism and Gravitoelectromagnetism that is an approximation to the Einstein’s field equations for General Relativity in the weak field limit. The existence of the World’s Medium is a principal point of WUM. It follows from the observations of Intergalactic Plasma; Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation; Far-Infrared Background Radiation; Cosmic Neutrino Background; Gamma-Ray Background. The Medium consists of stable elementary particles with lifetimes longer than the age of the World: protons, electrons, photons, neutrinos and dark matter particles (DMP). WUM is based on two Fundamental parameters: finestructure constant α and a dimensionless time-varying parameter Q that is the measure of the curvature of the Hypersphere. It can be calculated from the value of the gravitational constant and in present epoch equals to: . Model suggests that all time-dependent parameters of the World are inter-connected and in fact dependent on Q. WUM provides a mathematical framework that allows calculating the primary cosmological parameters of the World that are in good agreement with the most recent measurements and observations: the age of the World and Hubble’s parameter; temperatures of the cosmic microwave background radiation and the peak of the far-infrared background radiation; the concentration of intergalactic plasma and time delay of Fast Radio Bursts. Model makes predictions pertaining to masses of DMP, photons and neutrinos. The signatures of DMP annihilation with predicted masses of 1.3 TeV, 9.6 GeV, 70 MeV, 340 keV and 3.7 keV are found in spectra of the diffuse gamma-ray background and the emission of various macroobjects in the World. The Model proposes to introduce a new fundamental parameter Q in the CODATA internationally recommended values.
Sunil Kumar Maurya
University of Nizwa, Oman
Title: Modeling of compact stars in embedding class one space time in general relativity
Time : 14:40-15:00
Biography:
Sunil Kumar Maurya has completed his PhD from Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT Roorkee). He is the Assistant Professor and Head at University of
Nizwa, Oman. He has published more than 42 research papers in very reputed journals with high impact journal and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.
Abstract:
It is well known that we can embed n dimensional manifold V_n in a pseudo-Euclidean space of m=n (n+1)/2 dimensions. However, m-n=n (n-1)/2 is the minimum extra dimension of the pseudo-Euclidean space-time which is called the embedding class of V_n. Last many years the embedding theorems have continued a topic of interest between theoretical physicists and mathematicians. We may connect the classical general theory of relativity to the higher-dimensional manifolds using this theory. Using this embedding theorem, we can explain the internal symmetry groups’ characteristic of particles. In 1947, Karmarkar has found a constraint that the essential condition for embedding class one i.e. a spherically symmetric space-time of four dimensions embedded into a flat five dimensional space-time. In general, if we can embed n-dimensional Riemannian space-time into a flat space-time of dimension n+p. The Karmarkar has introduced a condition that relates to class one spacetimes. Later on, Pandey and Sharma have proved that the Karmarakar condition is only applicable for a necessary condition for a space-time to be of class one. The origin of the Karmarkar condition is chastely geometric in nature which provides a relationship between the two gravitational metric potentials. This relation is very important to obtain a whole explanation of the gravitational behavior of the stellar models. It is very exciting that the static spherically symmetric gravitational metric potential of embedding class one space-time is well-matched only with two type perfect fluid distributions, viz. (i) Schwarzchild's solution and (ii) Kohler and Chao solution. These gravitational metric potential is very useful to develop electromagnetic mass models under the Einstein-Maxwell background by taking a charged perfect fluid distribution. In general, whenever the charge vanishes in a charged fluid distribution, the following fluid distribution becomes the neutral counterpart of the charged fluid distribution. This neutral counterpart may fit to with either Schwarzschild interior solution or Kohler-Chao interior solution. However, not every charged fluid distribution needs to give its neutral counterpart always and subsequently if we set the charge, as zero then relating gravitational metric turns out to be flat and their matter density and pressure will become zero identically. This special type of charged fluid models provides an electromagnetic mass model.
Elżbieta Dzimida-Chmielewska
University of Białystok, Poland
Title: Physical and nonphysical modes in the light front formulation for the LC gauge and the Lorentz gauge conditions
Time : 15:00-15:20
Biography:
Elżbieta Dzimida-Chmielewska received her PhD in theoretical physic from University of Bialystok in 2014. She work at Faculty of Physic, University of Bialystok in Poland. She authored several papers on international journals. Her research now are focusing on the quantization of the QED.
Abstract:
The models with free vector fields are analyzed on the light-front (LF) hypersur-face. The massive vector model - Proca model - can be quantized unambiguously within the novel LF procedure, though it leads to singular terms in x+ coordinate. Also the modified models, where the Lorentz condition and the LC gauge conditions are explicitly induced by the Lagrange multipliers. Possible massless limits are studied for all cases and modes are classified as either physical or nonphysical.
Biography:
Heng Xiao obtained his PhD in 1990 at Shanghai University, China. From 1995 to 2000, he was Associate Professor at College of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, China. At Institute of Mechanics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany, he successively held the following positions: Alexander von Humboldt fellow from 1995 to 1997, Scientific Assistant from 1998 to 2001 and Chief Engineer & Professor from 2002 to 2011. From 2011 to 2017, he was Professor at College of Science, Shanghai University, China. From 2017, he is Professor at College of Mechanics and Construction Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Abstract:
There exist new deformable media of the following unusual and unique properties: they exhibit quantized effects just as usually known quantum entities do; the strongly coupled nonlinear dynamic equations governing the dynamic responses of these media are exactly reducible to eventually give rise to a fundamental linear dynamic equation governing a complex field variable, in the sense of enabling exact closed-form solutions for all the dynamic field variables; this fundamental dynamic equation and this complex field variable are just the Schrödinger equation and the wave function in quantum theory and accordingly; all quantized effects and the spin effects with the intrinsic angular momentum, commonly known for quantum entities, are in a natural and unified manner incorporated as inherent dynamic features of these media. Thus follow new and complete dynamic patterns for quantum entities, in which the physical origins and meanings of both the wave function and Schrödinger equation become self-evident and any indeterminacy of probabilistic nature becomes irrelevant.
R E Gonzalez-Narvaez
ESFM IPN, México
Title: Mixing of relativistic ideal gases with relative relativistic velocities
Time : 15:40-16:00
Biography:
R E Gonzalez-Narvaez works on Redefined Relativistic Thermodynamics (RRT) (Ares de Parga et. al.). She has studied the relativistic effects on thermodynamic systems. She has worked on the importance of setting normal time-like 4- vector in two reference frames, namely, the rest frame and the lab frame because this choice is crucial in transformation law. Moreover, with Ares de Parga et. al., he demonstrated that 4-momentum of a system is a well-defined vector if there is no
interaction within it.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: The Redefined Relativistic Thermodynamics is tested by means of mixing two ideal gases at different temperatures and distinct velocities.
Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: The conservation of the 4-vector energy–momentum is used to obtain the final temperature and the final velocity of the ideal gas mixture. Findings: The conservation of the 4-vector energy–momentum leads to a tremendous increment of the temperature.
Conclusion & Significance: This phenomenon can be used in order to describe the heating of a cold clump with shocked jets material. A prediction for improving the ignition of a Tokamak is proposed. The compatibility of the Redefined Relativistic Thermodynamics with the thermodynamical field theory is analyzed.
Dmitri Kirko
Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Russia
Title: Superluminal representations in modern physical researches
Time : 16:20-16:40
Biography:
Dmitri Kirko has completed his Engineer-Physicist qualification from Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI) and then had defended candidate physics-mathematics science degree. He is the Associate Professor of Plasma Physics Department of MEPhI. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
In the present, modern theoretical and experimental works faster-than-light velocities are considered as hypothetic. Therefore, one establishes a correlation with the theory of relativity and foundational physical theories. Earlier hypothetical superluminal particles – tachyons and following field constructions were suggested. At the same time, it is assumed a possibility of a continuous field medium possessed by superluminal properties. Separate experimental works made in laboratory conditions contain the presence of superluminal signals. In the first work the experiments deal with the amplification of laser pulses were realized. The other work series contained the experiments of propagation of high frequency electromagnetic pulses through dielectric barriers. For astrophysical conditions one expressed opinions about a possible exceeding of the light velocity during electromagnetic waves motion in the interstellar medium in the presence of anomalous dispersion. For a possible registration of superluminal signals in cosmos it was expressed the following opinions. The first method deals with a possible origin of superluminal signals during relativistic electrons motion in upper layers of the Earth’s atmosphere. The other possibility contains the assumption of the authors about the presence of a tachyon component faster than an electromagnetic component in a star radiation. It is proposed a possible theoretical basing of the considered experimental methods. A note should be taken that probable methods of a far astrophysical object observation with the help of a faster-than-light radiation are sufficient value for observing astronomy. Therefore, these hypothetic versions need a theoretical and experimental basis and father researches.
M J Van Der Burgt
Delft University, Netherlands
Title: Two groups of oppositely charged particles as building blocks for the start of the universe
Time : 16:40-17:00
Biography:
M J Van Der Burgt holds an MSc degree in Chemical Engineering of Delft University (Chemical Engineering). After a year in Purdue, he joined Shell where he worked for over 30 years in hydrogen processes and strategy. Since his retirement he worked for over 20 years as an independent consultant in the field of power generation and related subjects. He has lectured around the world including some seminars at Princeton University and wrote a standard work on the conversion of hydrocarbon fuels into synthesis gas and power. In 1953, he was awarded the DOW Chemical Energy prize and became a Knight in the order of Orange Nassau. It is his life long interest with physics and astronomy that has resulted in various manuscripts.
Abstract:
A cold start of the universe is proposed where two spherical agglomerates collide. Each agglomerate contains the same amount of densely-packed, basic particles of Planck dimensions. One agglomerate contains “neg” particles with a charge of one-third of the charge of an electron and the other “pos” particles with a charge of one-third of the charge of a positron. The first particles formed upon collision are very high-energy, static photons consisting of a neg and a pos. By colliding a small part of the photons with 1-3 neg’s or 1-3 pos’s, proto quarks and leptons are formed resulting in the formation of equal amounts of neutral matter and antimatter. The symmetry of proto quark combinations proves a good indicator for the stability of hadrons. In the model photons are dumbbell shaped spinning particles that are essential for the formation of fields. The vector sum of the rotational and the translational velocities of a photon are almost equal to the velocity of light in vacuum. Even the highest energy photons in cosmic gamma rays have a translational velocity very close to this velocity. This theory explains why lower energy photons travel faster than higher energy photons as observed for distant objects in space. Both mass and energy are manifestations of the polarisation of photons around bodies which explains their relation.
M Medvedev
University of Kansas, USA
Title: Plasma constraints on the cosmological abundance of magnetic monopoles and the origin of cosmic magnetic fields
Time : 17:00-17:20
Biography:
M Medvedev has completed his PhD in 1996 from University of California, San Diego and Post-doctoral studies from Harvard University Astronomy Department and Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, Toronto. He is Professor at the University of Kansas and is affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He has published over a 100 papers in reputed journals, gave over 50 invited/review talks at international conferences, in 2013-16 has been the Chair of the Topical Group in Plasma Astrophysics (GPAP) of the American Physical Society (APS), has been serving as a Member on several editorial boards.
Abstract:
Existing theoretical and observational constraints on the abundance of magnetic monopoles are limited. Here we demonstrate that an ensemble of monopoles forms a plasma whose properties are well determined and whose collective effects place new tight constraints on the cosmological abundance of monopoles. In particular, the existence of micro-Gauss magnetic fields in galaxy clusters and radio relics implies that the scales of these structures are below the Debye screening length, thus setting an upper limit on the cosmological density parameter of monopoles, Omega_M<~3x10^-4, which precludes them from being the dark matter. Future detection of Gpc-scale coherent magnetic fields could improve this limit by a few orders of magnitude. In addition, we predict the existence of magnetic Langmuir waves and turbulence which may appear on the sky as “zebra patterns” of an alternating magnetic field with the non-zero dot-product k.B. We also show that magnetic monopole Langmuir turbulence excited near the accretion shock of galaxy clusters may be an efficient mechanism for generating the observed intracluster magnetic fields.
Chidiebere Anigbo
University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Title: Light energy from dipole repeller and its influence on motions of galaxies
Time : 17:20-17:40
Biography:
Chidiebere Anigbo is currently pursuing his Master’s degree in the University of Uyo. He has completed his degree in Physics and Astronomy from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka. He is currently a Lecturer in the Physics Department of the Institute of Technology and Management, Ugep Cross River state where he is the Head of the curriculum development team saddled with the responsibility of developing a synergic curriculum which reflects both the local and international standards and relevant topics which meets individual students need. His abstract is published in the Journal Astrophysics and Space Technology.
Abstract:
The Milky Way galaxy is moving along with an approximate speed of 390mi/s. This could be due to a single gravitational force and other discovered forces arising from the local group (CLUSTER OF GALAXIES) that includes the Milky Way.The local group is driven by attractive and repulsive forces which are named by the researchers as: Shapely supercluster and the Dipole Repeller. The path of the motion of galaxies was plotted and it appears in the form of the magnetic lines of forces as explained by the magnetic theory. If the Milky Way wasn't expanding, the chaotic space of the galaxies would have been much; that means the universe would still remained a disordered system. This abstract aims to explain briefly my discovery of energy in form of light from a “void” which arises as a result of the interaction of the poles of the dipole repeller (the origin
point) and the “void” which created the force that repels and attracts the Milky Way. These energy in form of light is induces either evenly or unevenly on each galaxy in the Milky Way. The light energy spread across the galaxies and creates a less mass around the dipole repller region and makes the space less concentered. When the space around the dipole repeller becomes less concentrated, more light energy is absorbed across the region, hence the galaxies moves in an orderly fashion towards the shapely attractor which acts like the opposite side of a magnet and that creates a gravitational gradient between the two. Local group (clusters of galaxies) also moves according to the excess light energy from the “void”. This phenomenon can be modeled according to the magnetic law of attraction and repulsion. My research will in no time clearly map out the “void” by determining its dynamics and also explains the gravitational gradient. Already I have explained that light energy from the “void” come as a result of the interaction of the poles in the dipole repeller and that light energy are transferred to the galaxies found in the local group and around the less dense dipole repeller space which subsequently gives it a directional motion or speed towards the shapely attractor.
- Astronomy | Advanced Software in Astronomy | Space Missions & Satellite
Location: Texas A
Chair
Qiuhe Peng
Nanjing University, China
Co-Chair
Mishra R K
SLIET, India
Session Introduction
Xiaolei Zhang
George Mason University, USA
Title: Collective effects in disk galaxies
Time : 10:00-10:20
Biography:
Xiaolei Zhang obtained her PhD from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1992 and was a Post-doctoral fellow at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) from 1992-1995. She subsequently worked at the CFA as a Staff Scientist, at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center as a Contractor and at the US Naval Research Lab as a Civil Servant Astrophysicist. She took an early retirement in order to devote more time to her interests in the foundations of physics, in astrophysics, as well as in art. She is currently an Affiliate Faculty at the George Mason University.
Abstract:
Collective effects originate in physical systems going through non-equilibrium phase transitions, which produce selforganised global structures that often serve to accelerate the rates of entropy-increasing thermodynamical evolution of their parent systems. The examples of such emergence behavior and the resulting hierarchical organization of physical laws and phenomena, ranging from models of spontaneous breaking of gauge symmetry in high-energy physics, to the emergence of quasi-particle behavior in condensed matter physics. Emergent behaviors can also be exhibited by classical many-body systems governed by Newtonian laws of gravity. In the case of disk galaxies, we show that the spontaneous emergence of spiral modes is an example of non-equilibrium phase transition, accompanied by the condition of collisionless-shock at the density wave crest. This condition further allows the interaction of matter with the basic state of the galactic disk with the density wave modes, which leads to the stabilization of the modal amplitude growth and the secular radial mass redistribution on the basic state, giving rise to galaxy morphological evolution along the Hubble sequence. It is shown further that well-known classical approaches of applying the Boltzmann kinetic equation, as well as its moment-equation descendants the Euler and Navier-Stokes fluid equations for studying galactic dynamics problems, are inadequate for treating the maintenance of density wave modes as well as the long-term evolution of the morphology of disk galaxies. A global and synthetic approach, incorporating the correlated fluctuations of stars and gas cloud, is adopted to supplement the continuum approach.
Flavia Dell Agli
Instituto de AstrofÃsica de Canarias, Spain
Title: Asymptotic giant branch stars: Dust manufacturers of their host environments
Time : 10:20-10:40
Biography:
Flavia Dell Agli has completed her PhD in Astronomy, at the University of Rome La Sapienza in 2016. She is now a Postdoc at the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias. Her main research interest are low-intermediate mass stars and their impact on the history of formation and evolution of different systems. During the last four years she published 22 papers on this topic, six as first author, being involved in several international projects.
Abstract:
During the evolution through the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) phase, low-intermediate mass stars (≤8 Msun) play a fundamental role in the enrichment process of the interstellar medium. The advanced nucleosynthesis active in their internal regions, together with episodes of deep convective mixing, are responsible for a significant variations of the surface chemistry. Furthermore, the low effective temperatures and the high rates of mass loss experienced during the AGB phase favour the formation of cold and dense winds, suitable for the condensation of gas molecules into dust. In this presentation, I will discuss the dust formation process coupled with the description of the AGB evolution and the impact of these stars as dust manufacturers for their host environment.
Xueqing Zhang
Montana Tech of the University of Montana, USA
Title: Study on inversing method of ionospheric properties with spaceborne radar data
Time : 11:00-11:20
Biography:
Xueqing Zhang has completed his PhD from China University of Geology. He is the Assistant Professor of Montana Tech of the University of Montana. He has
published more than 30 papers in the fields of geophysics inversing and radio management.
Abstract:
The fact that ionosphere can effect on radar image and ionospheric effect has become more significant with the increasing interest is noticed. Thus, the geophysical properties of the ionosphere will be embedded in the low-frequency Radar data after the electromagnetic waves transverse through or are reflected by the ionosphere. Correspondingly, the ionospheric major parameters, such as total electron content (TEC), can be inversed from the space-borne radar data. In order to do this, an inversing method for the ionospheric information is put forward. The advantage of data-driven thought is adopted and the strong nonlinear character is considered additionally, while having compared the merits of many different methods, eventually we choose Deep Neural Network (DNN) as the algorithm which can build the relationship between ionosphere and radar data. In machine learning, DNN is a class of deep feed-forward artificial neural networks that has successfully been applied to analyze big data. In this method, the input and output data of DNN are chosen carefully after preprocessing according to the obtainable data and knowledges of experts. The input data are radar data and the output data are the ionospheric parameters. Then training is taken and ended while the error is converged at a certain degree. So far, a model for inversing ionosphere with radar data has been built. At last, the data of radar in a certain area during a certain period of time are input into the trained model and the output data are the interesting information of the ionosphere.
Andreas Eckart
University of Cologne, Germany
Title: The Milky Way’s supermassive black hole: How good a case is it? A challenge for astrophysics and philosophy of science
Biography:
Andreas Eckart is a full Professor for experimental Physics and the Managing Director of the I. Physikalische Institut at the University of Cologne. Since 2006, he is an External Member of the Max-Planck-Institute for Radioastronomy (MPIfR) in Bonn, Germany and Scientific Member of the Max-Planck-Society (MPG). He has also been the Otto Hahn Medal awarded by the Max Planck Society (1984) and the Manne Siegbahn Medal awarded by the Manne Siegbahn Laboratory (2003), Stockholm University, Sweden. Research interests lies in the Galactic Center and nuclei of other galaxies.
Abstract:
The compact and, with 4.3+-0.3 million solar masses, very massive object located at the center of the Milky Way is currently the very best candidate for a supermassive black hole (SMBH) in our immediate vicinity. The strongest evidence for this is provided by measurements of stellar orbits, variable X-ray emission and strongly variable polarized near-infrared emission from the location of the radio source Sagittarius~A* (SgrA*) in the middle of the central stellar cluster. If SgrA* is indeed a SMBH it will, in projection onto the sky, have the largest event horizon and will certainly be the first and most important target of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations currently being prepared. These observations in combination with the infrared interferometry experiment GRAVITY at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) and other experiments across the electromagnetic spectrum might yield proof for the presence of a black hole at the center of the Milky Way. It is, however, unclear when the ever mounting evidence for SgrA* being associated with a SMBH will suffice as a convincing proof. Additional compelling evidence may come from future gravitational wave observatories. This manuscript reviews the observational facts, theoretical grounds and conceptual aspects for the case of SgrA* being a black hole. We treat theory and observations in the framework of the philosophical discussions about (Anti) realism and under- determination, as this line of arguments allows us to describe the situation in observational astrophysics with respect to supermassive black holes. Questions concerning the existence of supermassive black holes and in particular SgrA* are discussed using causation as an indispensable element. We show that the results of our investigation are convincingly mapped out by this combination of concepts. Questions concerning the existence of supermassive black holes and in particular SgrA* are discussed using causation as an indispensable element. We show that the results of our investigation are convincingly mapped out by this combination of concepts.
Xiaolei Zhang
George Mason University, USA
Title: Giant impact and the formation of the Colorado Plateau
Time : 11:40-12:00
Biography:
Xiaolei Zhang obtained her PhD from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1992 and was a Post-doctoral fellow at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) from 1992-1995. She subsequently worked at the CFA as a Staff Scientist, at NASA's Goddard Space Flgiht Center as a Contractor and at the US Naval Research Lab as a Civil Servant Astrophysicist. She took an early retirement in order to devote more time to her interests in the foundations of physics, in astrophysics, as well as in art. She is currently an affiliate faculty at the George Mason University.
Abstract:
The Colorado Plateau is an uplifted shallow-bowl shaped high-desert plateau centered on the Four Corners area of the southwestern US, having an area of approximately 130,000 square miles and an elevation ranging from 3000-14000 ft, with an average elevation of 5000 ft. The plateau has the distingushing feature of having been little faulted or folded during the past 600 million years, whereas its immediate outer boundary areas were beset with violent orogenic and igneous activities. We propose and substantiate the hypothesis that the initial formation of the Colorado Plateau was the result of a giant impact event which occurred around 750 million years ago, the consequnce of which included also the split of the Rodinia supercontinent. The impactor was found to be of the size and mass of Planet Mars, which intercepted the Earth'a orbit in an oblique angle, with trajectory roughly in the NE to SW direction with respect to the current orientation of the North America continent. The impactor most likely originated beyond the then-mature Solar System and the impactor's entering of the Solar System's inner confines could be a result of Sun (as well as the stars and interstellar medium in the Solar neighborhood)'s passing through one of the spiral arms or spurs of the Milky Way Galaxy and the resulting perturbative shocks these streaming matters experienced, which further led to the formation of massive stars and their subsequent demise as supernovae, with the blast waves of the supernovae producing (among other things) a rogue extra-Solar planet that invaded the Earth environment. The importance of this process is supported by the observed correlation of the major catastrophic events in Earth's history to the period of the Solar system's orbit in the Milky Way Galaxy and thus to the period of the Solar' System's crossing of the Galactic spiral arms. The Earth's tectonic history thus appears to be intimately linked to the Solar System's motion within the Galactic environment.
Jakub Nikonowicz
Poznań University of Technology, Poland
Title: Stable field detection as a novel method for blind sensing of weak radio signals
Time : 12:00-12:20
Biography:
Jakub Nikonowicz has received his MSc degree in electronics and telecommunication engineering from the Poznań University of Technology in 2014. Since September 2014, he is a PhD student at the Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications. His current research interest lies in the field of signal processing for spectrum sensing and blind signal detection.
Abstract:
Since the discovery of space radio waves in the early 1930s, most astronomical objects have been perceived as radio waves sources. Radio-astronomy observations ultimately consist in measuring the energy received from a distant source, with particular emphasis on the detection of unknown and weak signals. The most commonly used blind detection method relies on energy detection with noise power estimation. The variability of the radio environment, however, greatly complicates the entire detection process. In order to solve the problem of detection in varying noise conditions, we propose a novel method of blind signal detection called Stable Field Detection (SFD), which does not require any knowledge of the noise variance. The proposed method uses the bin value distribution of the received signal’s power spectrum density and the moving average. It refers to the mutual relations between the distributions of random variables to extract more information from the spectrum than normal energy detection. As a result, SFD operates on thresholding Gaussian distribution, which makes it as easy to use as energy detection, but remains much more effective. The simulation results for radio pulses show that the performance of the method is significantly improved under the proposed scheme. With regard to weak signals, when compared to the energy detection, the lower limit of the permissible signal-to-noise ratio has been decreased by 4dB. At the same time, the proposed solution maintains low O (nlogn) computational complexity. SFD is considered a new, effective and simple software defined detector that addresses the challenges of modern astronomy.
Qiuhe Peng
Nanjing University, China
Title: Implication of strong magnetic field near the galactic center (GC)
Time : 12:20-12:40
Biography:
Qiuhe Peng is mainly engaged in Nuclear Astrophysics, Particle Astrophysics and Galactic Astronomy research. In the field of Nuclear Astrophysics, his research project involved a neutron star (pulsar), the supernova explosion mechanism and the thermonuclear reaction inside the star, the synthesis of heavy elements and interstellar radioactive element such as the origin of celestial 26Al. In addition, through his lectures, he establishes Nuclear Astrophysics research in China. He was invited by Peking University, by Tsinghua University (both in Beijing and in Taiwan) and by Nuclear Physics institutes in Beijing, Shanghai, Lanzhou to give lectures on Nuclear Astrophysics for many times. He has participated in the international academic conferences over 40 times and he has visited more than 20 countries. In
1994, he visited eight institutes in USA to give lectures. He is the first Chinese Astrophysicist to visit NASA and to give a lecture on the topic, Nuclear Synthesis of Interstellar 26Al. In 2005, he visited USA twice and gave lectures in eight universities again. Inviting six astronomers of USA to give series lectures, he has hosted four consecutive terms summer school on gravitational wave astronomy. After the four-summer school obvious effect, at least 20 young scholars in China in the field of gravitational wave astronomy specialized learning and research. He has published 220 research papers.
Abstract:
A key observation has been reported in 2013; an abnormally strong radial magnetic field near the GC is discovered. Firstly, we demonstrate that the radiations observed from the GC are hardly emitted by the gas of accretion disk which is prevented from approaching to the GC by the abnormally strong radial magnetic field and these radiations can't be emitted by the black hole model at the Center. However, the dilemma of the black hole model at the GC is naturally solved in our model of super massive object with magnetic monopoles (MMs). Three predictions in our model are quantitatively in agreement with observations: 1.) Plenty of positrons are produced from the direction of the GC with the rate is 6 × 1042 e+/sec or so. This prediction is quantitatively confirmed by observation {(3.4-6.30) ×1042 e+ sec-1}. 2.) A strong radial magnetic field is generated by some magnetic monopoles condensed in the core region of the super massive object. The magnetic field strength at the surface of the object is about 20-100 Gauss at 1.1×104 Rs (Rs is the Schwarzschild radius) or B ≈ (10-50) mG at r = 0.12pc. This prediction is quantitatively in agreement with the lower limit of the observed magnetic field ≥8mG. 3.) The surface temperature of the super-massive object in the Galactic center is about 120 K and the corresponding spectrum peak of the thermal radiation is at 1013 Hz in the sub-mm wavelength regime. This is quantitatively basically consistent with the recent observation. The conclusions are that it could be an astronomical observational evidence of the existence of MMs and no black hole is at the GC. Besides, making use of both the estimations for the space flux of MMs and nucleon decay catalyzed by MMs (called the RC effect) to obtain the luminosity of celestial objects by the RC effect. In terms of the formula for this RC luminosity we are able to present a unified treatment for various kinds of core collapsed supernovae, SNII, SNIb, SNIc, SLSN and the production mechanism for γ ray burst, as well as the heat source of the Earth’s core, the energy source needed for the white dwarf interior. This unified model can also be used to reasonably explain the possible association of the shot γ ray burst detected by the Fermi γ ray Burst Monitoring Satellite (GBM) with the September 2015 LIGO gravitational wave event GW150914.
Mishra R K
SLIET, India
Title: Comparative studies of cosmological models in alternative theory of gravity with LVDP and BVDP
Time : 12:40-13:00
Biography:
Mishra R K has completed his PhD from DDU Gorakhpur University and joined as Lecturer at Department of Mathematics, SLIET Deemed University, Longowal, District Sangrur and Punjab in January 2000. At present, he is working as Professor, Department of Mathematics, SLIET Deemed University, Longowal, Punjab, India. One of the premier institutes established and funded by Government of India. He has published more than 50 Research papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute. Apart from his teaching and active participation in Research (In area of Cosmology) he is also helping the institute in various administrative responsibilities. At present, he is also working as Head, Department of Training and Placement SLIET.
Abstract:
The study of cosmological models with time dependent deceleration parameter attracts researchers after the discovery of accelerating expansion of universe confirmed by two independent teams. The variable deceleration parameter has much importance to measure the expansion rate. Therefore, the investigation of various cosmological models with time dependent deceleration parameter indicates new sector in theoretical cosmology. From literature it is also noticed that Berman (1998) has been studied the cosmological models with constant DP and proposed a law for constant deceleration parameter (CDP) as q = m−1, here m is arbitrary constant. After this work several researchers derived and investigated cosmological models by assuming the time-varying DP. In this communication we have presented a comparative study of Friedmann-Lemaˆitre-Robertson -Walker (FLRW) cosmological models in alternative theory of gravity with linearly varying deceleration parameter (LVDP) and bi-linearly varying deceleration parameter (BVDP) as suggested by Mishra et al. The role of viscosity in cosmology have been studied by several researchers in past. Under the influence of such study we have also studied bulk viscous fluid cosmological models in alternative f (R, T) theory of gravity along with comparison of results by taking LVDP and BVDP. The main conclusion of the paper is that BVDP law provides better results in comparative with Berman's constant deceleration law (CDP) and LVDP law.
Eiji Akiyama
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Japan
Title: Observational signature of grain growth in the protoplanetary disk around young star LkHα 330
Time : 14:00-14:20
Biography:
Eiji Akiyama has obtained his PhD in 2012 from Ibaraki University, Japan. He has been working as a Science Staff of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) international project. He has published around 40 papers covering planet formation and exoplanets based on observations of near infrared and millimeter/submillimeter wavelength. He recently won the Outstanding Young Scientist award 2016 from the Japanese Society of Planetary Science.
Abstract:
Grain growth is an initial step toward planet formation since it involves the coagulation of approximately micron-sized dust, resulting in planetesimals and finally planets. We have conducted H-band (1.6 μm) linear polarimetric observations by Subaru telescope and 0.88 mm interferometric observations by Submillimeter Array toward a transitional disk around the intermediate-mass pre-main sequence star LkHα 330. The observations show a pair of asymmetric spiral arms in the disk, suggesting that a massive unseen (proto)planet exists in the disk as indicated by recent global hydro simulations. The possibility of grain growth that can generate the asymmetric structure was investigated through the opacity index (β) from the observed slope of the spectral energy distribution between 0.88 mm and 1.3 mm wavelength taken by several interferometric observations. The results imply that grains are indistinguishable from the interstellar medium dust in the east side (β~2.0), but much smaller in the west side (β~0.7), indicating differential grain growth or dust trapping in the spiral arms. Combining the results of near-infrared and submillimeter observations, we find that the spiral arm is geometrically thick and grains grow to millimeter size near the disk mid-plane. Future observations at centimeter wavelength and differential polarization imaging in other bands (Y to K) with extreme adaptive optics imagers are required to understand how large dust grains form and to further explore the dust distribution in the disk.
Yu-Qing Lou
Tsinghua University, China
Title: Hypermassive black holes in the universe
Time : 14:20-14:40
Biography:
Yu-Qing Lou is the winner of 1981 China-US Physics Examination and Application (CUSPEA) sponsored by T D Lee. He has completed his Physics PhD in 1987 from Havard University. He became High Altitude Observatory and Advanced Study Program Fellow at National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) 1987-1989. He has published in more than 140 international journal papers (including Nature, Science, The Astrophysical Journal (Letters), Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (Letters), Journal of Geophysical Research, Geophysical Research Letters, Astronomy and Astrophysics). In 2002, he became distinguished Yangtze Professor in Physics Department of Tsinghua University. He has served in Review Panels in USA, China and others.
Abstract:
In reference to supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the mass range of millions to several billions of solar masses, we predicted hypermassive black holes (HMBHs) in the mass range of 10 to 1000 billions of solar masses and possibly even higher in the universe including the early universe as results of dynamic gravitational collapses of sufficiently large mass reservoirs. Observational evidence, consequences and implications of HMBHs and SMBHs in the universe are presented. We indicate generation of gravitational waves by inevitable convective and circulative turbulence, magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) dynamo processes, acceleration of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), bursts of electromagnetic waves when random magnetic fields are involved in such dynamic gravitational collapses. We discuss dark matter black holes (DMBHs) and mixed matter black holes (MMBHs) in the Universe including the early Universe. We also show the possibility of forming chains of gravitationally collapsed on various mass scales. It is anticipated that Hubble Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope, LOFAR, Square Kilometer Array and so forth can provide more valuable diagnostic clues of HMBHs and SMBHs.
Bipin Singh Koranga
University of Delhi, India
Title: Neutrino mixing in matter at extremely high energies
Time : 14:40-15:00
Biography:
Bipin Singh Koranga is currently working in as Assistant Professor in Department of Physics, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, USA. He has extended his valuable service in field of Nuclear Physics, Neutrino Physics and Cosmology for several years and has been a recipient of many award and grants. His international experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study. His research interests reflect in his wide range of publications in various national and international journals.
Abstract:
We have studied neutrino mixing at extreme high energy considering two flavor frameworks with matter effects. We analyze the atmospheric neutrino data within the simplest scheme of two neutrino oscillation. We consider as special case of matter density profile, which are relevant for neutrino oscillations. In particular, we compute to constrain a specific form of neutrino mass square difference and mixing in extreme high energy in matter. The dispersion relations for the neutrino mixing in neutrino oscillation in matter are discussed.
- Video Presentations
Location: Texas A
Session Introduction
Wei Peng-Sheng
National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan
Title: Absorption coefficient across atmospheric troposphere layer
Time : 15:00-15:15
Biography:
Wei Peng-Sheng has received his PhD in Mechanical Engineering Department at University of California, Davis. He has been a Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering of National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, since 1989. He has contributed to advancing the understanding of and to the applications of electron and laser beam, plasma and resistance welding through theoretical analyses coupled with verification experiments and investigations also include studies of their thermal and fluid flow processes and formations of the defects such as humping, rippling, spiking and porosity. He has published more than 80 SCI journal papers, given keynote or invited speeches in international conferences more than 110 times. He is a Fellow of AWS (2007) and a Fellow of ASME (2000). He also received the Outstanding Research Achievement Awards from both the National Science Council (2004) and NSYSU (1991, 2001, 2004), the Outstanding Scholar Research Project Winner Award from National Science Council (2008), the Adams Memorial Membership Award from AWS (2008), the Warren F Savage Memorial Award from AWS (2012) and the William Irrgang Memorial Award from AWS (2014). He has been the Xi-Wan Chair Professor of NSYSU since 2009 and Invited Distinguished Professor in the Beijing University of Technology, China, during 2015-2017.
Abstract:
The absorption coefficient of carbon dioxide is responsible for temperature in the troposphere layer, which is less than the altitude of 10 km in the atmosphere, is presented in this work. It has been well known that the solar irradiation can penetrate through the troposphere layer within short wavelength range near the visible range. It can be absorbed, scattered by the atmosphere and absorbed and reflected by the earth ground. The ground emits radiation in the ranges of long wavelengths. In the presence of carbon dioxide and other emission gases, the atmosphere layer acting as the glass of a greenhouse increases temperature of the atmosphere. Even though global warming strongly affects the life of the human being, the cause of global warming is still controversial. This work thus establishes a fundamental, systematical and quantitative analysis of absorption coefficient of carbon dioxide across the troposphere layer. Absorption coefficient is a function of wavelength, temperature and concentration. Carbon dioxide is absorbed in long wavelength bands centered at 15, 10.4, 9.4, 4.3, 2.7 and 2.0 micrometers, respectively. The predict absorption coefficients agree with experimental and theoretical results in the exponential wide band model in different bands. The computed results are confirmed by experimental data, revealing the effects of carbon dioxide on temperatures in the troposphere.
Hans Joerg Fahr
University of Bonn, Germany
Title: The fate and role of freely propagating cosmic photons in expanding universes
Time : 15:15-15:30
Biography:
Hans Joerg Fahr is Full Professor for Astrophysics at the University of Bonn in Germany, was President of Comm.21 of the IAU and received the National First Class award of Germany in 2003. At present he is Co-I of the NASA Satellites TWINS and IBEX.
Abstract:
According to present cosmological views the energy density of CMB (Cosmic Microwave Background ) photons , freely propagating through the expanding universe, varies inversely proportional to the fourth power of the cosmic scale S . This is expected because GRT in application to FLRW (Friedman-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker)- universes seems to be able to show that photons undergo a
cosmological redshift which together with the decrease of photon densities leads to the expected S^(-4) behavior. This conclusion appears to reasonably well explain the presently observed Planckian CMB spectrum with its actual temperature of T(CMB)=2.7 K , while at the time of the CMB origin, when cosmic matter recombined, its temperature would have been about 3000 K when the scale of the universe was smaller by a factor of (1/1100). In this talk we shall question whether the scale-dependence of the CMB energy density entering the energy-momentum tensor falls off like S^(-4). For that purpoe we investigate on a new physical basis whether the wavelengths of freely propagating cosmic photons during their travels up to the present day have permanently been redshifted or their redshift only becomes apparent when CMB photons are registered by spectrometers (clocks) at these present days. We do show that photons in its own reference system cannot change their proper state, but keep their proper energy while freely propagating. This
implies that the photon energy density only decreases as S^(-3) , as does the baryonic matter density. This, however, then means that both baryon and photon energy densities, entering the energy momentum tensor, do behave absolutely alike what concerns their dependence on S and hence in solutions for the cosmic expansion dynamics ,even at present days, CMB photons cannot be neglected. We nevertheless also show that such cosmic photons when registered at these days are judged as redshifted photons explaining why the presentday CMB is a Planckian radiation with the temperature of only 2.7 K.
V G Plekhanov
Fonoriton Sci Lab, Estonia
Title: Direct observation of the strong (nuclear) interaction in the optical spectra of solids
Time : 15:30-15:45
Biography:
V G Plekhanov is graduated from Tartu State University in 1968, PhD (Physics and Mathematics) and Doctor of Science (Physics and Mathematics). His main interest fields: the origin of the mass (quantization of matter) as well as the experimental manifestation of the strong nuclear interaction in the spectroscopy of solids. He is author 197 publications both in English and Russian. His main books involve: Isotope effects in solid state Physics (Academic Press, San Diego, 2001). Isotope - Based Quantum Inormation (Springer, Heidelberg, 2012). Isotope Effects: Physics and Applications (Palmarium Academic Press, Saarbrucken, Deutschland, 2014) (in Russian), Isotopes in Condensed Matter (Springer, Heidelberg, 2013) and Isotope effect- Macroscopical manifestation of the strong interaction (Lambert Academic Publishing, Deutschland, 2017) (in Russian).
Abstract:
Up to the present time, the macroscopical manifestation of the strong (nuclear) interaction is limited by radioactivity and the release of nuclear energy. Our communication is devoted to the description of the new mechanism to the strong force manifestation. Activation of the strong interaction by adding of one neutron to the nucleus causes the global reconstruction of the macroscopic characteristics of solids. We have studied the low-temperature optical spectra of the LiH and LiD crystals which differ by the term of one neutron from each other. As demonstrated early, most low-energy electron excitation in LiH crystals are largeradius excitons. Because of the high reactivity and high hygroscopy of investigated crystals, an efficient protection against atmosphere was necessity. Taking into account this circumstance we have developed special equipment which is allowed to prepare samples with clean surface cleaving in the bath of helium cryostat with normal or superfluid liquid helium. The samples with such surface allow performing measurements for 15 hours. Exciton luminescence is observed when LiH crystals are excited in the midst of fundamental absorption. The spectrum of exciton photoluminescence of LiH crystals cleaved in superfluid helium consists of narrow phonon-less emission line and its broader phonon replicas which arise due to radiative annihilation of excitons with the production of one to five LO phonons. As an example, the picture shows the low-temperature (T=2K) photoluminescence spectra of LiH and LiD crystals. Comparison the experimental results on the luminescence spectra in the crystals which differ by a neutron only is allowed to the next conclusions. At the adding one neutron (using LiD crystals instead LiH ones) is involved the increase exciton energy on 103 meV. At the addition one neutron the energy of LO phonons are decreased on the 36 meV that is direct seen also from luminescence spectra. As far as the gravitation, electromagnetic and weak interactions are the same of both crystals it only changes the strong interaction
therefore a logical conclusion is made that the renormalization of the energy of electromagnetic excitations (excitons, phonons) is carried out by the strong (nuclear) interaction. The last conclusion opens new avenue in the investigations of the strong (nuclear) interaction using by means the condensed matter alike traditional nuclear methods (including accelerating technique).
Hafiza Rizwana Kausar
University of Central Punjab, Pakistan
Title: Transportation process in the gravitational collapse
Time : 15:45-16:00
Biography:
Hafiza Rizwana Kausar has completed her PhD in 2012 in Einstein’s Theory of Relativity from University of the Punjab, Pakistan and postdoctoral studies from Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Switzerland. Her research articles have been published in regular journals of international repute having 50 plus impavt factor. She got research awards by Pakistan Council for Science and Technology in 2012 and 2015 of category F and B respectively. She has presented her work at various national and international conferences. Currently, she is working at the University of Central Punjab (UCP) Lahore as the Incharge Faculty of Sciences and Director of Centre for Applicable Mathematics and Statistics in the UCP Business School.
Abstract:
In this paper, we study the transport equation which provide the information about the transfer of mass, heat and momentum during the gravitational collapse of massive stars. We adopt the modified theories of gravity and examine the process of energy transport and its effects on the collapsing process. We discuss how such theories may incorporated mathematically into the analysisand control of the dynamics of a complex system. The transport equation governs the dissipative fluxes and their associated quantities like temperature, relaxation time and thermal conductivity. It helps to construct physically viable models of radiating stars. We also develop the dynamical equations and coupled with transport equation. We discuss how inertia of heat causes a decrease in the inertial and gravitational mass densities and hence effect the outcome of the gravitational collapse. We obtained three cases depending on a physical factor and on its positive and negative value. Positive value yields the gravitational collapse of massive stars whereas negative value yields the formation of white dwarf.